RNAi-based pesticides have emerged gradually in recent decades and are believed to be the next generation of pesticides. Although resistance to RNA pesticides has been developed and selected in the laboratory in western corn rootworm and Colorado potato beetle, whether RNAi resistance is a general phenomenon in other coleopteran insects and the underlying mechanism of resistance to RNA pesticides are still unclear. Here, we report the development of a highly dsRNA-resistant (> 4110-fold) population (Pv-30R) of Plagiodera versicolora after seven episodes of selection by feeding a laboratory-reared susceptible population (Pv-S) with the leaves of willow plants coated with dsRNA targeting a signal recognition particle protein 54 k (Srp54k) gene. We showed that Pv-30R was cross-resistant to other dsRNAs (dsActin and dsSnap) but susceptible to the Cry3Bb protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, and the resistance was an autosomal and recessive trait. Although no significant differences of the dsRNA stability in the midgut of larvae between Pv-S and Pv-30R were observed, uptake of dsRNA in the midgut tissue of larvae from Pv-30R was disrupted. Overall, these results demonstrate that high levels of resistance to RNA pesticides can developed quickly in P. versicolora in laboratory condition as observed before for other coleopterans, and possibly sharing similar mechanisms of resistance to dsRNA.

基于RNAi的农药在近几十年来逐渐出现，并被认为是下一代农药。尽管在实验室中已经在西方玉米根虫和科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫中开发和选择了对RNA农药的抗性，但RNAi抗性是否是其他鞘翅目昆虫中的普遍现象以及对RNA农药的抗性的潜在机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们报告了通过用柳叶喂养实验室饲养的易感群体（Pv-S）进行七次选择后，Plagiodera versicolora的高度 dsRNA 抗性（> 4110 倍）群体（Pv-30R）的发展涂有针对信号识别颗粒蛋白 54 k ( Srp54k ) 基因的 dsRNA 的植物。我们发现 Pv-30R 对其他 dsRNA（ds Actin和 ds S ​​nap ）具有交叉抗性，但对苏云金芽孢杆菌的 Cry3Bb 蛋白敏感，并且这种抗性是常染色体隐性遗传。尽管在Pv-S和Pv-30R之间未观察到幼虫中肠中dsRNA稳定性的显着差异，但幼虫中肠组织中Pv-30R对dsRNA的摄取被破坏。总体而言，这些结果表明，与之前在其他鞘翅目动物中观察到的一样，在实验室条件下，云芝可以快速形成对 RNA 农药的高水平抗性，并且可能具有类似的 dsRNA 抗性机制。