Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) are emerged as promising power sources for implantable devices, offering excellent form factor and performance. For these applications, EBFCs require customer tailored structure and more than 10 μW power. In this study, flexible and stretchable EBFCs are suggested, assessing their performance using tube-type artificial blood vessel (TABV) cell kit with sheep blood fuel. To fabricate the EBFCs, buckypaper (BP) is molded to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to fabricate BP@PDMS electrode that shows excellent strain rate (95 %) and durability (1500 cycles) in tensile and fatigue tests. Additionally, electrochemical evaluations are implemented to measure the performance of anode and cathode fabricated with BP@PDMS. In anode including 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione and glucose dehydrogenase, maximum reactivity of glucose oxidation is 1.05 mA/cm, while in cathode including bilirubin oxidase, that of oxygen reduction is 0.61 mA/cm. Regarding flexibility, anode and cathode are little affected by current density irrespective of bending angle, proving that the fabricated anode and cathode have good flexibility. To emulate the behavior of EBFCs in actual blood vessel, EBFCs are implanted in TABV cell kit, fueling sheep blood. Observed open circuit voltage of 0.59 V and maximum power of 26 μW reveals that fabricated EBFCs have superior potential to be considered as power sources for implantable devices.

中文翻译：

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可植入管状人造血管套件中的柔性且可拉伸的高性能酶生物燃料电池

酶生物燃料电池 (EBFC) 已成为可植入设备的有前景的电源，具有出色的外形尺寸和性能。对于这些应用，EBFC 需要客户定制的结构和超过 10 μW 的功率。在这项研究中，建议使用灵活且可拉伸的 EBFC，并使用带有羊血燃料的管式人工血管 (TABV) 细胞套件评估其性能。为了制造 EBFC，将巴基纸 (BP) 模制成聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS)，以制造 BP@PDMS 电极，该电极在拉伸和疲劳测试中表现出优异的应变率 (95%) 和耐久性（1500 次循环）。此外，还进行了电化学评估，以测量用 BP@PDMS 制造的阳极和阴极的性能。在包含1,10-菲咯啉-5,6-二酮和葡萄糖脱氢酶的阳极中，葡萄糖氧化的最大反应性为1.05mA/cm，而在包含胆红素氧化酶的阴极中，氧还原的最大反应性为0.61mA/cm。在柔性方面，无论弯曲角度如何，阳极和阴极受电流密度的影响很小，证明所制造的阳极和阴极具有良好的柔性。为了模拟 EBFC 在实际血管中的行为，将 EBFC 植入 TABV 细胞套件中，为羊血提供燃料。观察到的 0.59 V 开路电压和 26 μW 最大功率表明，制造的 EBFC 具有被视为可植入设备电源的卓越潜力。