While ample research has shown that sport injuries are associated with poor psychological status, scant attention has been given to changes in injured athletes' psychological status over the full course of recovery and return to sport. The aim of the present study was to prospectively investigate potential changes in injured athletes' psychological status across four phases of recovery and return to sport. A total of 38 severely injured adult competitive athletes (58% female; mean age 24.1 ± 7.18 years) participated in this prospective weekly investigation (n = 319 observations). Athletes' were asked to indicate their current phase of recovery or return to sport (acute care, rehabilitation, adapted training, or full return to sport) after which they responded to visual analog scales assessing post‐injury psychological status, including: perceived pain (frequency and intensity), emotions (positive and negative), anxiety (cognitive and physiological), motivation, self‐efficacy, and satisfaction. During the acute care phase, participants showed higher scores of perceived pain, and physiological anxiety compared to the other phases. During the adapted training phase, amotivation was higher than in the acute care phase, and self‐efficacy was lower than in other phases. At full return to sport, athletes showed less perceived pain, cognitive anxiety, and more satisfaction than during other phases. The present study provides a deeper prospective understanding of changes in athlete's psychological status over the course of injury recovery and return to sport and highlight the importance of monitoring psychological status.

中文翻译：

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检查伤病恢复和重返运动四个阶段的心理状态变化：对竞技运动员从急症护理到重返运动的前瞻性每周研究


虽然大量研究表明运动损伤与心理状态不佳有关，但人们很少关注受伤运动员在康复和重返运动的整个过程中心理状态的变化。本研究的目的是前瞻性地调查受伤运动员心理状态在恢复和重返运动的四个阶段中的潜在变化。共有 38 名严重受伤的成年竞技运动员（58% 为女性；平均年龄 24.1 ± 7.18 岁）参与了这项前瞻性每周调查（ n = 319 个观察值）。运动员被要求表明他们当前的恢复或恢复运动阶段（紧急护理、康复、适应训练或完全恢复运动），然后他们对评估受伤后心理状态的视觉模拟量表做出反应，包括：感知的疼痛（频率和强度）、情绪（积极和消极）、焦虑（认知和生理）、动机、自我效能和满意度。在急性护理阶段，与其他阶段相比，参与者表现出更高的感知疼痛和生理焦虑得分。在适应训练阶段，消极动机高于急性护理阶段，自我效能低于其他阶段。完全恢复运动后，运动员表现出比其他阶段更少的感知疼痛、认知焦虑和更高的满意度。本研究提供了对运动员在伤病恢复和重返运动过程中心理状态变化的更深入的前瞻性了解，并强调了监测心理状态的重要性。