This study was conducted to quantify the association of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the academic performance of children and adolescents. The literature was systematically searched in six electronic databases, and a meta-analysis was conducted. Twenty studies with a total of 1,196,631 children and adolescents from five countries were included. Meta-analysis showed that ACE score was positively associated with poor academic achievement, grade repetition, and special education support. Compared with children and adolescents without any ACE, those with one or more ACE had a significantly higher risk of poor academic achievement (pooled odds ratio [OR]: 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.13, 1.85], I2 = 82.6%) and grade repetition (pooled OR: 1.36, 95% CI [1.29, 1.43], I2 = 71.0%). Moreover, all types of ACEs were positively associated with poor academic achievement and grade repetition. In addition, there was a significant dose-response relationship between the ACE score and the risk of poor academic achievement. This study supported that ACE had a significant impact on the academic performance of children and adolescents. Based on these findings, we recommend that early screening of ACEs for children and adolescent is critical and appropriate support and prevention in education should be developed for those with ACEs. Further studies are needed to further explore the long-term effect of ACEs on education and its gender differences.

中文翻译：

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儿童和青少年不良童年经历与学业成绩之间的关联：全球荟萃分析


本研究旨在量化不良童年经历 (ACE) 与儿童和青少年学业成绩之间的关联。在六个电子数据库中系统检索文献，并进行荟萃分析。纳入了 20 项研究，涉及来自 5 个国家的 1,196,631 名儿童和青少年。荟萃分析显示，ACE 分数与学业成绩不佳、留级和特殊教育支持呈正相关。与没有任何 ACE 的儿童和青少年相比，具有一项或多项 ACE 的儿童和青少年学业成绩不佳的风险显着更高（合并比值比 [OR]：1.45，95% 置信区间 [CI] [1.13，1.85]，I 2 = 82.6%）和留级（合并 OR：1.36，95% CI [1.29，1.43]，I 2 = 71.0%）。此外，所有类型的 ACE 都与较差的学业成绩和留级呈正相关。此外，ACE 评分与学业成绩不佳的风险之间存在显着的剂量反应关系。这项研究表明 ACE 对儿童和青少年的学业成绩有重大影响。基于这些发现，我们建议对儿童和青少年进行 ACE 早期筛查至关重要，并应为 ACE 患者制定适当的教育支持和预防措施。需要进一步研究来进一步探讨 ACE 对教育的长期影响及其性别差异。