Serving military personnel and veterans are known to be at elevated risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and some veterans have been shown to respond poorly to current standard treatments. Evidence so far suggests that according to the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems guidelines, complex PTSD (CPTSD) may be of higher prevalence in the general population than PTSD. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of CPTSD compared to PTSD in serving and ex-serving military populations. A systematic review was conducted with the search criteria set to peer-reviewed English language journal articles, focusing on serving military or veteran populations, reporting on the prevalence of CPTSD, not restricted by year. Four comprehensive databases (Psycinfo, Pubmed, CINAHL, and Embase) were searched. Of the 297 identified articles, 16 primary studies were eligible for inclusion. The review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023416458), and results were reported based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Of the 16 studies, 13 demonstrated higher prevalence of CPTSD than PTSD. Studies were predominantly veteran focused. Prevalence of CPTSD ranged from 5% to 80.63%, while prevalence of PTSD ranged from 3.8% to 42.37%. There was high heterogeneity in study populations, preventing meta-analysis. This is the first systematic review to assess the prevalence of CPTSD in serving military and veteran populations, with the findings demonstrating a higher rate of CPTSD compared to PTSD. It is hoped that the review will assist clinicians and military and veteran health services with appropriate assessment, diagnosis, and intervention for those affected by CPTSD, as well as PTSD.

中文翻译：

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服役军人和退伍军人中复杂的创伤后应激障碍的患病率：系统评价

众所周知，现役军人和退伍军人患创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的风险较高，而且一些退伍军人已被证明对当前的标准治疗反应不佳。迄今为止的证据表明，根据第 11 版《国际疾病分类和相关健康问题指南》，复杂 PTSD (CPTSD) 在普通人群中的患病率可能高于 PTSD。该研究的目的是调查现役和退役军人中 CPTSD 与 PTSD 的患病率。我们进行了一项系统性审查，检索标准设置为同行评审的英语期刊文章，重点是为军人或退伍军人群体服务，报告 CPTSD 的患病率，不受年份限制。检索了四个综合数据库（Psycinfo、Pubmed、CINAHL 和 Embase）。在 297 篇已确定的文章中，有 16 篇初步研究符合纳入条件。该评价已在 PROSPERO 数据库 (CRD42023416458) 中注册，并根据系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目报告结果。在 16 项研究中，13 项表明 CPTSD 的患病率高于 PTSD。研究主要集中在退伍军人身上。 CPTSD的患病率范围为5%至80.63%，而PTSD的患病率范围为3.8%至42.37%。研究人群存在高度异质性，阻碍了荟萃分析。这是首次系统评价在现役军人和退伍军人群体中 CPTSD 的患病率，研究结果表明，与 PTSD 相比，CPTSD 的发生率更高。希望该审查能够帮助临床医生以及军队和退伍军人卫生服务机构对受 CPTSD 和 PTSD 影响的人进行适当的评估、诊断和干预。