Soundless Cracking Demolition Agents (SCDA) are gaining traction as an innovative technique for controlled rock fracturing in applications such as underground energy, mineral extraction, and excavation. This paper presents a novel numerical approach to simulate SCDA-charged rock fracture initiation using the strain energy density of SCDA. This approach eliminates the need for prior knowledge of the peak expansive pressure developed in a rock, a common requirement in conventional SCDA modelling. An empirically derived model is presented which captures the rate of energy release in SCDA as a function of applied strain to the surrounding material. The model was implemented in the 3-dimensional Distinct Element Code by applying an exponential strain-rate decay function. The proposed fracture stimulation method accurately mimics the expansion behaviour and finite strain energy release from SCDA expansion. The method was extended to simulate SCDA expansion in rock joints. The SCDA expansion method was assessed by creating a numerical model in which a central injection well was intersected by a horizontal joint and SCDA expansion was simulated in the injection well and the joint. The simulations were verified against laboratory fracture experiments. The model was extended to evaluate the fracturing performance of SCDA under varying joint roughness and confining pressures. SCDA expansion in rock joints introduces an additional compressive stress field that inhibits fracture initiation and propagation near the joint. Increasing fracture roughness suppressed fracture growth, but led to more fracture nucleation points around the injection well and shear damage at the joint interface. The simulation method employed shows sensitivity to confining pressures and simulates the fracturing potential of SCDA in different rocks subjected to confining pressures without requiring further calibration of the SCDA expansion parameters. The proposed numerical simulation method improves the accuracy in investigating the fracturing potential of expansive agents over existing simulation methods for SCDA.

中文翻译：

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使用无声破裂拆除剂 (SCDA) 进行岩石破裂萌生和扩展的应变能相关数值模拟：SCDA 填充岩石节理的影响


无声破裂拆除剂 (SCDA) 作为一种控制岩石破裂的创新技术，在地下能源、矿物开采和挖掘等应用中越来越受到关注。本文提出了一种利用 SCDA 应变能密度来模拟 SCDA 荷电岩石破裂起裂的新颖数值方法。这种方法无需事先了解岩石中产生的峰值膨胀压力，而这是传统 SCDA 建模中的常见要求。提出了一个根据经验导出的模型，该模型捕获 SCDA 中的能量释放速率作为对周围材料施加的应变的函数。该模型通过应用指数应变率衰减函数在 3 维不同元素代码中实现。所提出的裂缝刺激方法准确地模拟了 SCDA 膨胀的膨胀行为和有限应变能释放。该方法被扩展到模拟岩石节理中的 SCDA 膨胀。通过创建一个数值模型来评估 SCDA 扩展方法，其中中心注入井与水平接缝相交，并在注入井和接缝中模拟 SCDA 扩展。模拟结果通过实验室断裂实验进行了验证。该模型被扩展以评估 SCDA 在不同节理粗糙度和围压下的压裂性能。岩石节理中的 SCDA 膨胀引入了额外的压应力场，抑制节理附近的裂缝萌生和扩展。裂缝粗糙度的增加抑制了裂缝扩展，但导致注入井周围裂缝成核点增多，并导致节理界面剪切损伤。 所采用的模拟方法显示了对围压的敏感性，并模拟了SCDA在不同岩石中受到围压的破裂潜力，而无需进一步校准SCDA膨胀参数。与 SCDA 的现有模拟方法相比，所提出的数值模拟方法提高了研究膨胀剂压裂潜力的准确性。