Osseointegration is defined as the direct deposition of bone onto biomaterial devices, most commonly composed from titanium, for the purpose of anchoring dental prostheses. The use of autologous platelet concentrates (APC) has the potential to enhance this process by modifying the interface between the host and the surface of the titanium implant. The rationale is to modify the implant surface and implant–bone interface via “biomimicry,” a process whereby the deposition of the host's own proteins and extracellular matrix enhances the biocompatibility of the implant and hence accelerates the osteogenic healing process. This review of the available evidence reporting on the effect of APC on osseointegration explores in vitro laboratory studies of the interaction of APC with different implant surfaces, as well as the in vivo and clinical effects of APC on osseointegration in animal and human studies. The inherent variability associated with using autologous products, namely the unique composition of each individual's blood plasma, as well as the great variety in APC protocols, combination of biomaterials, and clinical/therapeutic application, makes it is difficult to make any firm conclusions about the in vivo and clinical effects of APC on osseointegration. The available evidence suggests that the clinical benefits of adding PRP and the liquid form of L‐PRF (liquid fibrinogen) to any implant surface appear to be limited. The application of L‐PRF membranes in the osteotomy site, however, may produce positive clinical effects at the early stage of healing (up to 6 weeks), by promoting early implant stability and reducing marginal bone loss, although no positive longer term effects were observed. Careful interpretation and cautious conclusions should be drawn from these findings as there were various limitations in methodology. Future studies should focus on better understanding of the influence of APCs on the biomaterial surface and designing controlled preclinical and clinical studies using standardized APC preparation and application protocols.

中文翻译：

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自体浓缩血小板对种植牙骨整合的影响


骨整合被定义为将骨直接沉积到生物材料装置上，通常由钛制成，用于锚固假牙。使用自体血小板浓缩物（APC）有可能通过改变宿主和钛植入物表面之间的界面来增强这一过程。其基本原理是通过“仿生学”来改变植入物表面和植入物与骨的界面，即宿主自身蛋白质和细胞外基质的沉积增强植入物的生物相容性，从而加速成骨愈合过程。本综述对有关 APC 对骨整合影响的现有证据进行了回顾，探讨了 APC 与不同种植体表面相互作用的体外实验室研究，以及 APC 在动物和人类研究中对骨整合的体内和临床影响。与使用自体产品相关的固有变异性，即每个人血浆的独特成分，以及 APC 方案、生物材料组合和临床/治疗应用的多样性，使得很难对自体产品得出任何明确的结论。 APC 对骨整合的体内和临床影响。现有证据表明，在任何种植体表面添加 PRP 和液体形式的 L-PRF（液体纤维蛋白原）的临床益处似乎有限。然而，在截骨部位应用 L-PRF 膜可能会在愈合的早期阶段（最多 6 周）产生积极的临床效果，通过促进早期种植体稳定性和减少边缘骨丢失，尽管没有长期的积极效果。观察到。 由于方法存在各种局限性，应从这些发现中得出仔细的解释和谨慎的结论。未来的研究应侧重于更好地了解 APC 对生物材料表面的影响，并使用标准化的 APC 制备和应用方案设计受控的临床前和临床研究。