Microplastics are micrometre-sized emerging pollutants produced by plastic fragmentation. They have been recently detected in most ecosystems, even in remote areas. Here, we review microplastics with emphasis on sources, occurrence, transport, detection methods, policies, toxicity, and management methods. In the transport section, we discuss sorption kinetics, layered microplastics, and influencing factors such as biofilm formation. Microplastic management can be done by adsorption, filtration, oxidation, and biodegradation. Microplastic interaction is influenced by temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved organic matter.

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水生生态系统中层状和球形微塑料的传输：综述

微塑料是由塑料碎片产生的微米大小的新兴污染物。最近在大多数生态系统中都发现了它们，甚至在偏远地区也是如此。在这里，我们重点回顾微塑料的来源、发生、运输、检测方法、政策、毒性和管理方法。在传输部分，我们讨论吸附动力学、层状微塑料以及生物膜形成等影响因素。微塑料管理可以通过吸附、过滤、氧化和生物降解来完成。微塑料相互作用受到温度、pH、盐度和溶解有机物的影响。