Massive stars play a major role in the evolution of their host galaxies and serve as important probes of the distant Universe. It has been established that the majority of massive stars reside in close binaries and interact with their companion stars during their lifetimes. Such interactions drastically alter their life cycles and complicate our understanding of their evolution, but are also responsible for the production of interesting and exotic interaction products. ▪Extensive observation campaigns with well-understood detection sensitivities have enabled the conversion of observed properties into intrinsic characteristics, facilitating a direct comparison to theory.▪Studies of large samples of massive stars in our Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds have unveiled new types of interaction products, providing critical constraints on the mass transfer phase and the formation of compact objects.▪The direct detection of gravitational waves has revolutionized the study of stellar mass compact objects, providing a new window to study massive star evolution. Their formation processes are, however, still unclear. The known sample of compact object mergers will increase by orders of magnitude in the coming decade, which is vastly outgrowing the number of stellar-mass compact objects detected through electromagnetic radiation.

中文翻译：

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大质量双星的演化


大质量恒星在其宿主星系的演化中起着重要作用，是遥远宇宙的重要探测器。已经确定的是，大多数大质量恒星都居住在紧密的双星中，并在它们的一生中与它们的伴星相互作用。这种相互作用极大地改变了它们的生命周期，使我们对它们进化的理解变得复杂，但也导致了有趣和奇特的交互产品的产生。▪广泛的观测活动和众所周知的探测灵敏度使观测到的属性能够转化为内在特性，便于与理论进行直接比较。▪对银河系和麦哲伦星云中大质量恒星的大样本的研究揭示了新型的相互作用产物，为传质阶段和致密物体的形成提供了关键的约束。▪引力波的直接探测彻底改变了研究恒星质量致密天体，为研究大质量恒星演化提供了新的窗口。然而，它们的形成过程仍然不清楚。在未来十年中，已知的致密天体合并样本将增加几个数量级，这大大超过了通过电磁辐射探测到的恒星质量致密天体的数量。