s Foreign military training has become a key component of the United States’ security policy. What explains the variation in US training allocation across countries and over time? Past work on security assistance, such as training, focuses on its effectiveness and consequences, largely overlooking questions about which countries receive it in the first place. To understand what drives US military training partnerships, we conducted a global statistical analysis of training from 1999 to 2018, structured around four logics: building relationships through defense diplomacy, deterrence against external, interstate threats, capacity-building in fragile states, and promoting democratic norms to advance democracy around the world. We find that the four logics receive support, with relationship-building and response to interstate and internal threats most consistently so. This analysis demonstrates the different ways the United States has used training in support of the US-led global order and raises questions about how to achieve accountability given these multiple logics. More broadly, the findings also have relevance for understanding how other states allocate training in conjunction with, in emulation of, or in opposition to the United States.

中文翻译：

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“训练世界”：审视美国对外军事训练的逻辑

对外军事训练已成为美国安全政策的重要组成部分。如何解释美国培训分配在不同国家和不同时期的差异？过去有关安全援助（例如培训）的工作侧重于其有效性和后果，很大程度上忽视了哪些国家首先接受援助的问题。为了了解推动美国军事训练伙伴关系的因素，我们对 1999 年至 2018 年的训练进行了全球统计分析，分析围绕四个逻辑：通过国防外交建立关系、威慑外部和国家间威胁、脆弱国家的能力建设以及促进民主在世界范围内推进民主的规范。我们发现这四种逻辑得到了支持，其中建立关系和应对国家间和内部威胁的支持最为一致。这一分析展示了美国利用培训来支持美国主导的全球秩序的不同方式，并提出了如何在考虑到这些多重逻辑的情况下实现问责制的问题。更广泛地说，这些发现还有助于理解其他国家如何与美国联合、效仿或反对美国来分配培训。