Large-field telescopes play a significant role in cutting-edge astronomical research fields, such as time-domain astronomy and cosmology. For such telescopes, ensuring symmetrical and uniform imaging across the entire field-of-view (FoV) is pivotal, particularly for areas such as astronomical photometry and astrometry. However, conventional image quality evaluation methods for telescope optical systems have mainly focused on imaging spot size. Other alternative methods, such as ellipticity based methods, also face the challenges of high computational requirements and limited assessment parameters. In addition, establishing a coherent link between the telescope structure and research domains such as photometry has remained a challenge. In response to these challenges, we introduce an assessment approach termed the ray tracing, spot-vector index, and angle (RSVA) approach. This approach offers a fresh perspective on optical systems, prioritizing the depiction of imaging spot shapes. It acts as a valuable supplement to traditional methods and has been effectively employed to analyze four 1-m aperture telescopes with an f-ratio of 3 for a 3 deg FoV. Building on this foundation, the RSVA can be further expanded to explore other research avenues, including exploring the interplay between photometry and telescope systems and guiding large FoV optical design.

中文翻译：

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大视场望远镜光学系统成像质量评价方法

大视场望远镜在时域天文学和宇宙学等前沿天文研究领域发挥着重要作用。对于此类望远镜，确保整个视场 (FoV) 的对称和均匀成像至关重要，特别是对于天文光度测量和天体测量等领域。然而，传统的望远镜光学系统图像质量评价方法主要关注成像光斑尺寸。其他替代方法，例如基于椭圆度的方法，也面临高计算要求和有限评估参数的挑战。此外，在望远镜结构和光度测量等研究领域之间建立连贯的联系仍然是一个挑战。为了应对这些挑战，我们引入了一种称为射线追踪、点矢量索引和角度 (RSVA) 方法的评估方法。这种方法为光学系统提供了全新的视角，优先描述成像光斑形状。它是对传统方法的宝贵补充，已被有效地用于分析 4 个 1 米孔径望远镜，其 f 比为 3，视场角为 3 度。在此基础上，RSVA 可以进一步扩展以探索其他研究途径，包括探索光度测量和望远镜系统之间的相互作用以及指导大视场光学设计。