Advances in modern medicine have enabled a rapid increase in lifespan and, consequently, have highlighted the immune system as a key driver of age-related disease. Immune regeneration therapies present exciting strategies to address age-related diseases by rebooting the host’s primary lymphoid tissues or rebuilding the immune system directly via biomaterials or artificial tissue. Here, we identify important, unanswered questions regarding the safety and feasibility of these therapies. Further, we identify key design parameters that should be primary considerations guiding technology design, including timing of application, interaction with the host immune system, and functional characterization of the target patient population.

现代医学的进步使寿命迅速延长，因此强调免疫系统是与年龄相关的疾病的关键驱动因素。免疫再生疗法提出了令人兴奋的策略，通过重新启动宿主的初级淋巴组织或通过生物材料或人造组织直接重建免疫系统来解决与年龄相关的疾病。在这里，我们确定了有关这些疗法的安全性和可行性的重要的、尚未解答的问题。此外，我们确定了指导技术设计时应主要考虑的关键设计参数，包括应用时机、与宿主免疫系统的相互作用以及目标患者群体的功能特征。