Microbiotas are complex microbial communities that colonize specific niches in the host and provide essential organismal functions that are important in health and disease. Understanding the ability of each distinct community member to promote or impair host health, alone or in the context of the community, is imperative for understanding how differences in community structure affect host health and vice versa. Recently, a reference 12‐member microbiota for the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, known as CeMbio, was defined. Here, we show the differential ability of each CeMbio bacterial species to activate innate immunity through the conserved PMK‐1/p38 MAPK, ACh‐WNT, and HLH‐30/TFEB pathways. Although distinct CeMbio members differed in their ability to activate the PMK‐1/p38 pathway, the ability to do so did not correlate with bacterial‐induced lifespan reduction in wild‐type or immunodeficient animals. In contrast, most species activated HLH‐30/TFEB and showed virulence toward hlh‐30‐deficient animals. These results suggest that the microbiota of C. elegans is rife with bacteria that can shorten the host's lifespan if host defense is compromised and that HLH‐30/TFEB is a fundamental and key host protective factor.

中文翻译：

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秀丽隐杆线虫 CeMbio 参考微生物群的独特成员发挥被宿主防御掩盖的隐秘毒力

微生物群是复杂的微生物群落，它们在宿主的特定生态位中定殖，并提供对健康和疾病很重要的基本有机功能。了解每个不同的社区成员单独或在社区背景下促进或损害宿主健康的能力对于理解社区结构的差异如何影响宿主健康至关重要，反之亦然。最近，模型生物的参考 12 成员微生物群秀丽隐杆线虫，称为 CeMbio，被定义。在这里，我们展示了每种 CeMbio 细菌物种通过保守的 PMK-1/p38 MAPK、ACh-WNT 和 HLH-30/TFEB 途径激活先天免疫的不同能力。尽管不同的 CeMbio 成员激活 PMK-1/p38 通路的能力不同，但这种能力与细菌引起的野生型或免疫缺陷动物的寿命缩短无关。相比之下，大多数物种激活 HLH-30/TFEB 并对病毒表现出毒力hlh-30-缺乏的动物。这些结果表明微生物群线虫富含细菌，如果宿主防御受到损害，这些细菌会缩短宿主的寿命，并且 HLH-30/TFEB 是一个基本且关键的宿主保护因素。