Nanoporous graphene has attracted extensive attention as a type of disruptive membrane materials for organic separation. However, the fabrication of an ideal graphene membrane with high permeability and selectivity remains challenging due to the inevitable non-selective defects. Here, a strategy based on synergetic effect of graphene membranes and covalent organic framework (COF) nanounits is developed. Atomically thin nanoporous graphene provides high solvent flux and stability. To prevent the leakage from inevitable non-selective pores in graphene without sacrificing flux, porous COF nanounits are directly anchored at the defective sites. The fabricated membranes exhibit record-high solvent flux of 49.81 L m h (1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that of state-of-the-art membranes), and relatively low reverse solute flux of 1.69 g m h in organic solvent forward osmosis (OSFO) process. The strategy we proposed gives dramatic impetus to the development of OSFO and other membrane separation processes.

中文翻译：

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用于超快速和选择性有机分离的纳米多孔石墨烯膜的 COF 锚定设计

纳米多孔石墨烯作为一种用于有机分离的颠覆性膜材料引起了广泛的关注。然而，由于不可避免的非选择性缺陷，制造具有高渗透性和选择性的理想石墨烯膜仍然具有挑战性。在这里，开发了一种基于石墨烯膜和共价有机骨架（COF）纳米单元协同效应的策略。原子薄的纳米多孔石墨烯提供高溶剂通量和稳定性。为了在不牺牲通量的情况下防止石墨烯中不可避免的非选择性孔的泄漏，多孔COF纳米单元直接锚定在缺陷位点。所制造的膜在有机溶剂正渗透（OSFO）中表现出创纪录的高溶剂通量 49.81 L m h（比最先进的膜高 1-2 个数量级），以及相对较低的反溶质通量 1.69 g m h ） 过程。我们提出的策略极大地推动了 OSFO 和其他膜分离工艺的发展。