Historically, evidence of self-recognition in development has been associated with the “rouge test”; however, this has been often criticized for providing a reductionist picture of self-conscious behavior. With two event-related potential (ERP) experiments, this study investigated the origin of self-recognition. Six- to eight-month-old infants (42 males and 35 females, predominately White, tested in the UK in 2022–2023) were presented with images of their face, another peer's face, and their mother's face (N = 38, Exp.1), and images of their own face morphed into another peer's face (N = 39, Exp.2). Results showed an enhanced P100 in infants' ERP response to their own face compared to others' faces (Exp.1 only), suggesting the presence of an enhanced attentional mechanism to one own's face as early as 6 months.

中文翻译：

---

是我！6 至 8 月龄婴儿自我认知的神经相关性


从历史上看，发展中自我认可的证据一直与“胭脂测试”有关;然而，这经常被批评为提供了自我意识行为的还原论图景。通过两个事件相关电位 （ERP） 实验，本研究调查了自我识别的起源。向 6 至 8 个月大的婴儿（42 名男性和 35 名女性，主要是白人，2022-2023 年在英国进行了测试）展示了他们的脸、另一位同龄人的脸和他们母亲的脸（N = 38，Exp.1）的图像，以及他们自己的脸变形为另一位同龄人的脸（N = 39，Exp.2）。结果显示，与其他人脸相比，婴儿对自己面部的 ERP 反应 P100 增强（仅 Exp.1），表明早在 6 个月时就存在对自己面部的增强注意机制。