Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is the platelet and leukocyte‐containing plasmatic fraction of anticoagulated autologous blood. While evidence supporting the clinical use of PRP in dentistry is low, PRP is widely used in sports medicine, orthopedics, and dermatology. Its beneficial activity is commonly attributed to the growth factors released from platelets accumulating in PRP; however, evidence is indirect and not comprehensive. There is thus a demand to revisit PRP with respect to basic and translational science. This review is to (i) recapitulate protocols and tools to prepare PRP; (ii) to discuss the cellular and molecular composition of PRP with a focus on platelets, leukocytes, and the fibrin‐rich extracellular matrix of coagulated plasma; and finally (iii) to discuss potential beneficial effects of PRP on a cellular and molecular level with an outlook on its current use in dentistry and other medical fields.

中文翻译：

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如何解释富含血小板血浆的有益作用


富血小板血浆（PRP）是抗凝自体血中含有血小板和白细胞的血浆部分。虽然支持 PRP 在牙科临床应用的证据很少，但 PRP 广泛应用于运动医学、骨科和皮肤科。其有益活性通常归因于血小板释放的生长因子在 PRP 中积聚；然而，证据是间接的且不全面的。因此，需要重新审视基础科学和转化科学方面的 PRP。本次审查旨在 (i) 概括准备 PRP 的方案和工具； (ii) 讨论 PRP 的细胞和分子组成，重点关注血小板、白细胞和凝固血浆中富含纤维蛋白的细胞外基质；最后 (iii) 讨论 PRP 在细胞和分子水平上的潜在有益作用，并对其目前在牙科和其他医学领域的应用进行展望。