<br>使用徒手 3D 超声检查观察远端腘绳肌腱在休息和收缩时的机械特性,Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports

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使用徒手 3D 超声检查观察远端腘绳肌腱在休息和收缩时的机械特性
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 , DOI: 10.1111/sms.14621
Chrysostomos Sahinis ₁ , Eleftherios Kellis ₁

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肌腱特性影响人体运动、运动表现和损伤预防。腿筋在短跑中起着至关重要的作用，尤其是股二头肌长头（BFlh），它很容易受伤。与其他腿筋肌肉相比，BFlh 是否表现出独特的机械特性仍不确定。这项研究利用徒手三维超声来评估 15 名男性远端腘绳肌腱的形态和机械特性。扫描是在俯卧位、髋部和膝部伸展、休息时以及膝屈肌最大自主等长收缩的 20%、40%、60% 和 80% 期间进行的。在三个位置对肌腱长度、体积、横截面积（CSA）以及前后（AP）和内侧（ML）宽度进行量化。估计了纵向和横向变形、刚度、应变和应力。与其他肌腱相比，ST 肌腱应变最大，刚度最低，CSA、AP 和 ML 宽度应变最高。股二头肌短头 (BFsh) 表现出最小的应变、AP 和 ML 变形。此外，BFlh 显示出最高的刚度和应力，而 BFsh 具有最低的应力。此外，变形因区域而异，近端部位通常显示出最低的 CSA 应变。在膝关节等长屈曲期间，腘绳肌的远端肌腱机械特性有所不同。与其他双关节腘绳肌相比，BFlh 的高硬度和应力可能会导致在短跑后期摆动期间，其肌肉束而不是远端肌腱吸收更多的能量。这可以部分解释该肌肉腿筋损伤发生率增加的原因。

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Distal hamstrings tendons mechanical properties at rest and contraction using free‐hand 3‐D ultrasonography

Tendon properties impact human locomotion, influencing sports performance, and injury prevention. Hamstrings play a crucial role in sprinting, particularly the biceps femoris long head (BFlh), which is prone to frequent injuries. It remains uncertain if BFlh exhibits distinct mechanical properties compared to other hamstring muscles. This study utilized free‐hand three‐dimensional ultrasound to assess morphological and mechanical properties of distal hamstrings tendons in 15 men. Scans were taken in prone position, with hip and knee extended, at rest and during 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the knee flexors. Tendon length, volume, cross‐sectional area (CSA), and anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) widths were quantified at three locations. Longitudinal and transverse deformations, stiffness, strain, and stress were estimated. The ST had the greatest tendon strain and the lowest stiffness as well as the highest CSA and AP and ML width strain compared to other tendons. Biceps femoris short head (BFsh) exhibited the least strain, AP and ML deformation. Further, BFlh displayed the highest stiffness and stress, and BFsh had the lowest stress. Additionally, deformation varied by region, with the proximal site showing generally the lowest CSA strain. Distal tendon mechanical properties differed among the hamstring muscles during isometric knee flexions. In contrast to other bi‐articular hamstrings, the BFlh high stiffness and stress may result in greater energy absorption by its muscle fascicles, rather than the distal tendon, during late swing in sprinting. This could partly account for the increased incidence of hamstring injuries in this muscle.

更新日期：2024-04-10

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