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Akt Inhibitor Advancements: From Capivasertib Approval to Covalent-Allosteric Promises
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00075
Kosmas Alexandros Pervanidis 1 , Giovanni Danilo D'Angelo 1 , Jörn Weisner 1, 2 , Sven Brandherm 1, 2 , Daniel Rauh 1
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00075
Kosmas Alexandros Pervanidis 1 , Giovanni Danilo D'Angelo 1 , Jörn Weisner 1, 2 , Sven Brandherm 1, 2 , Daniel Rauh 1
Affiliation
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Akt kinase is vital in cell growth, survival, metabolism, and migration. Dysregulation of Akt signaling is implicated in cancer and metabolic disorders. In the context of cancer, overactive Akt promotes cell survival and proliferation. This has spurred extensive research into developing Akt inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents to disrupt aberrant Akt signaling. Akt inhibitors are classified into three main types: ATP-competitive, allosteric, and covalent-allosteric inhibitors (CAAIs). ATP-competitive inhibitors compete with ATP for binding to Akt, allosteric inhibitors interact with the Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and covalent-allosteric inhibitors form covalent bonds, making them more potent and selective. Notably, capivasertib (AZD5363), a potent ATP-competitive Akt inhibitor, received FDA approval in November 2023 for use in combination with the estrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant to treat breast cancer. Challenges remain, including improving selectivity, identifying biomarkers to tailor treatments, and enhancing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Particularly covalent-allosteric inhibitors hold promise for future more effective and personalized treatments.
中文翻译:
Akt 抑制剂的进展:从 Capivasertib 批准到共价变构承诺
Akt 激酶对于细胞生长、存活、代谢和迁移至关重要。 Akt 信号传导失调与癌症和代谢紊乱有关。在癌症中,过度活跃的 Akt 会促进细胞存活和增殖。这促使人们广泛研究开发 Akt 抑制剂作为破坏异常 Akt 信号传导的潜在治疗剂。 Akt 抑制剂主要分为三种类型:ATP 竞争性抑制剂、变构抑制剂和共价变构抑制剂 (CAAI)。 ATP 竞争性抑制剂与 ATP 竞争与 Akt 的结合,变构抑制剂与 Pleckstrin 同源 (PH) 结构域相互作用,共价变构抑制剂形成共价键,使其更加有效和选择性。值得注意的是,capivasertib (AZD5363) 是一种有效的 ATP 竞争性 Akt 抑制剂,于 2023 年 11 月获得 FDA 批准,与雌激素受体降解剂氟维司群联合用于治疗乳腺癌。挑战仍然存在,包括提高选择性、识别生物标志物以定制治疗方法以及提高治疗效果,同时最大限度地减少不良反应。特别是共价变构抑制剂有望实现未来更有效和个性化的治疗。
更新日期:2024-04-09
中文翻译:

Akt 抑制剂的进展:从 Capivasertib 批准到共价变构承诺
Akt 激酶对于细胞生长、存活、代谢和迁移至关重要。 Akt 信号传导失调与癌症和代谢紊乱有关。在癌症中,过度活跃的 Akt 会促进细胞存活和增殖。这促使人们广泛研究开发 Akt 抑制剂作为破坏异常 Akt 信号传导的潜在治疗剂。 Akt 抑制剂主要分为三种类型:ATP 竞争性抑制剂、变构抑制剂和共价变构抑制剂 (CAAI)。 ATP 竞争性抑制剂与 ATP 竞争与 Akt 的结合,变构抑制剂与 Pleckstrin 同源 (PH) 结构域相互作用,共价变构抑制剂形成共价键,使其更加有效和选择性。值得注意的是,capivasertib (AZD5363) 是一种有效的 ATP 竞争性 Akt 抑制剂,于 2023 年 11 月获得 FDA 批准,与雌激素受体降解剂氟维司群联合用于治疗乳腺癌。挑战仍然存在,包括提高选择性、识别生物标志物以定制治疗方法以及提高治疗效果,同时最大限度地减少不良反应。特别是共价变构抑制剂有望实现未来更有效和个性化的治疗。