The effect of the gut microbiome on the bioavailability and efficacy of orally administered drugs is of considerable importance for personalised medicine.1 We, therefore, read with great interest the ‘GI highlights from the literature’ focussing on gut microbial metabolism of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), originally published in the journal Nature Medicine .2 3 Mehta et al . used metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomics from the IBD-Integrative Human Microbiome Project (HMP2) to identify 12 microbial acetyltransferase gene families that encode 5-ASA inactivating enzymes and confirmed the results using in vitro analyses. They confirmed that four of these genes—profiled in metagenomic data from stool samples—are associated with 5-ASA treatment failure in two cohorts of patients with IBD, implying that it might be possible to predict 5-ASA treatment outcome by profiling gut microbiota of patients. However, to generalise these findings, they need to be confirmed in independent cohorts, preferably from diverse (geographical) backgrounds. We, therefore, analysed the presence of these gene families in gut microbiota of the Dutch 1000IBD cohort and their association to 5-ASA treatment failure.4 5 We included 72 patients after excluding participants with a stoma or ileoanal pouch, steroid use within one month before sampling or concomitant drug use during sampling (sulfasalazine, thiopurines, …

中文翻译：

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炎症性肠病中 5-氨基水杨酸的肠道微生物代谢


肠道微生物组对口服药物的生物利用度和疗效的影响对于个性化医疗具有相当重要的意义.1 因此，我们饶有兴趣地阅读了“文献中的 GI 亮点”，该文章侧重于炎症性肠病 （IBD） 中 5-氨基水杨酸 （5-ASA） 的肠道微生物代谢，最初发表在《自然医学》杂志上.2 3 Mehta 等人。使用来自 IBD 综合人类微生物组计划 （HMP2） 的宏基因组学、元转录组学和代谢组学鉴定了 12 个编码 5-ASA 灭活酶的微生物乙酰转移酶基因家族，并使用体外分析证实了结果。他们证实，其中四个基因（在粪便样本的宏基因组数据中分析）与两组 IBD 患者的 5-ASA 治疗失败有关，这意味着有可能通过分析患者的肠道微生物群来预测 5-ASA 治疗结果。然而，为了推广这些发现，它们需要在独立的队列中得到证实，最好来自不同的（地理）背景。因此，我们分析了荷兰 1000IBD 队列肠道微生物群中这些基因家族的存在及其与 5-ASA 治疗失败的关联.4 5 我们纳入了 72 名患者，排除了造口或回肠肛袋、采样前一个月内使用类固醇或采样期间伴随药物（柳氮磺吡啶、硫嘌呤、...