In this study, we demonstrate a stretchable, fully self-healable, temperature-tolerant, and water-proof supercapacitor with high electrochemical performance via a deliberate selection of materials and device architecture. Distinct from previous works, our whole supercapacitor is stretchable and self-healable, owing to the application of specially devised stretchable and self-healing oxime-carbamate based polyurethane (OC-PU) substrate film, self-healing polymer (poly(ether-thioureas) triethylene glycol) capped Au nanosheet current collector (TUEG3-Au NS) and newly synthesized organohydrogel electrolyte. The fabricated supercapacitor exhibits a high electrochemical performances (specific capacitance of 165.5F g−1, energy density of 14.58 Wh kg−1, power density of 2181.75 W kg−1, and capacitance retention of 89 % after 10,000 cycles) with a capacitance retention of 81 % over stretching by 40 % even after repetitive healing from damages, the self-healing of all components (full self-healing) over repetitive damages with a capacitance recovery by over 83 %, a wide operational temperature range from −20 to 60 °C with retaining over 91 % of capacitance at RT. Furthermore, a μ-LED is stably operated with the supercapacitor immersed in water regardless of the mechanical deformation and self-healing from damage due to self-bonded encapsulation layer of hydrophobic OC-PU film. With a vertically integrated patch device consisting of the fabricated supercapacitor and a strain sensor, bio-signals are detected using the stored energy of the supercapacitor even after self-healing from damages over the temperature range from −20 to 60 °C. This work suggests the high application potential of our high performance multi-functional supercapacitor as an integrated energy storage device for wearable electronics featuring longevity and stability under harsh environments.

中文翻译：

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一种可拉伸、完全自修复、耐温且防水的超级电容器，在肟-氨基甲酸酯粘合的聚氨酯薄膜和有机水凝胶上使用 TUEG3 封端的金纳米片


在这项研究中，我们通过精心选择材料和器件架构，展示了一种可拉伸、完全自愈、耐温、防水的超级电容器，具有高电化学性能。与以往的工作不同，我们的整个超级电容器具有可拉伸和可自修复的特点，这是由于采用了专门设计的可拉伸和自修复肟氨基甲酸酯基聚氨酯（OC-PU）基底膜、自修复聚合物（聚醚硫脲） ）三甘醇）封端的金纳米片集流体（TUEG3-Au NS）和新合成的有机水凝胶电解质。所制备的超级电容器表现出较高的电化学性能（比电容为165.5F g−1，能量密度为14.58 Wh kg−1，功率密度为2181.75 W kg−1，10,000次循环后电容保持率为89%），且具有电容保持率即使在损坏重复修复后，拉伸仍可达到 81 %，超过 40 %，所有组件在重复损坏后都能自我修复（完全自修复），电容恢复超过 83 %，工作温度范围为 -20 至 60 °C，在室温下保留超过 91% 的电容。此外，无论机械变形如何，μ-LED都能在超级电容器浸入水中时稳定运行，并且由于疏水性OC-PU薄膜的自粘封装层而能够自我修复损坏。利用由所制造的超级电容器和应变传感器组成的垂直集成贴片装置，即使在-20至60°C的温度范围内自我修复损坏后，也可以使用超级电容器存储的能量来检测生物信号。 这项工作表明我们的高性能多功能超级电容器作为可穿戴电子产品的集成储能装置具有很高的应用潜力，在恶劣环境下具有长寿命和稳定性。