This study examined the prevalence and correlates of psychopathology in gifted children (GC) and explored whether giftedness confers protection or risk for mental health problems. We used a comparative design to analyze a population-based sample of 100 GC and 100 controls matched by age and sex in Turkey. We assessed psychiatric diagnoses with the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), a valid diagnostic tool for child and adolescent mental health, and measured resilience and temperament with standardized scales. GC and controls did not differ significantly in the frequency of psychiatric disorders. However, GC showed lower resilience and higher negative reactivity and activity than controls. Negative reactivity was a significant predictor of psychopathology in GC. Sex did not moderate the effects of giftedness on mental health outcomes, resilience, or temperament. Our findings suggest that GC may have increased vulnerability to stress and reduced coping skills. We highlight the need to identify and support GCs who experience mental health problems and face psychological challenges. Our results emphasize the importance of early intervention and prevention to enhance resilience and well-being in this population. Future research should investigate the underlying mechanisms and develop tailored strategies to support the mental health and well-being of GC.

中文翻译：

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天才儿童和精神疾病：与同龄人相比，风险是否增加？

这项研究调查了天才儿童 (GC) 中精神病理学的患病率和相关性，并探讨了天才是否会带来心理健康问题的保护或风险。我们使用比较设计来分析土耳其的 100 名 GC 和 100 名年龄和性别相匹配的对照的基于人群的样本。我们使用发展与幸福评估（DAWBA）（一种儿童和青少年心理健康的有效诊断工具）来评估精神病诊断，并使用标准化量表测量复原力和气质。 GC 和对照组在精神疾病的发生频率上没有显着差异。然而，与对照组相比，GC 显示出较低的弹性和较高的负反应性和活性。阴性反应是 GC 精神病理学的重要预测因子。性别并不能减轻天赋对心理健康结果、适应力或气质的影响。我们的研究结果表明，GC 可能会增加对压力的脆弱性并降低应对技能。我们强调需要识别和支持经历心理健康问题和面临心理挑战的 GC。我们的结果强调了早期干预和预防对于增强该人群的复原力和福祉的重要性。未来的研究应该调查其潜在机制并制定量身定制的策略来支持 GC 的心理健康和福祉。