Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have measurable impacts on marine ecosystems and reliant fisheries and associated communities. However, how MHWs translate to changes in fishing opportunities and the displacement of fishing fleets remains poorly understood. Using fishing vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS), we developed vessel distribution models for two pelagic fisheries targeting highly migratory species, the U.S. Atlantic longline and Pacific troll fleets, to understand how MHW properties (intensity, size, and duration) influence core fishing grounds and fleet displacement. For both fleets, MHW size had the largest influence on fishing ground area with northern fishing grounds gaining and southern fishing grounds decreasing in area. However, fleet displacement in response to MHWs varied between coasts, as the Atlantic longline fleet displaced farther in southern regions whereas the most northern and southern regions of the Pacific troll fleet shifted farther. Characterizing fishing fleet responses to these anomalous conditions can help identify regional vulnerabilities under future extreme events and aid in supporting climate‐readiness and resilience in pelagic fisheries.

中文翻译：

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海洋热浪重新分配远洋捕捞船队

海洋热浪 (MHW) 对海洋生态系统以及依赖渔业和相关社区产生显着影响。然而，人们对 MHW 如何转化为捕捞机会的变化和捕捞船队的流离失所仍然知之甚少。利用自动识别系统 (AIS) 的渔船跟踪数据，我们为两个针对高度洄游物种的中上层渔业（美国大西洋延绳钓和太平洋巨魔船队）开发了船只分布模型，以了解 MHW 特性（强度、规模和持续时间）影响核心渔场和船队位移。对于两个船队来说，MHW 规模对渔场面积的影响最大，北部渔场面积增加，南部渔场面积减少。然而，各海岸响应 MHW 的船队位移有所不同，大西洋延绳钓船队在南部地区位移得更远，而太平洋巨魔舰队在最北部和南部地区位移得更远。描述捕捞船队对这些异常条件的反应可以帮助识别未来极端事件下的区域脆弱性，并有助于支持中上层渔业的气候准备和恢复能力。