The rapid development of synthetic biology has significantly improved the capabilities of mono-culture systems in converting different substrates into various value-added bio-chemicals through metabolic engineering. However, overexpression of biosynthetic pathways in recombinant strains can impose a heavy metabolic burden on the host, resulting in imbalanced energy distribution and negatively affecting both cell growth and biosynthesis capacity. Synthetic consortia, consisting of two or more microbial species or strains with complementary functions, have emerged as a promising and efficient platform to alleviate the metabolic burden and increase product yield. However, research on synthetic consortia is still in its infancy, with numerous challenges regarding the design and construction of stable synthetic consortia. This review provides a comprehensive comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of mono-culture systems and synthetic consortia. Key considerations for engineering synthetic consortia based on recent advances are summarized, and simulation and computational tools for guiding the advancement of synthetic consortia are discussed. Moreover, further development of more efficient and cost-effective synthetic consortia with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning is highlighted.

中文翻译：

---

合成联合体的合理构建：指导新型生物合成平台开发的关键考虑因素和基于模型的方法


合成生物学的快速发展显着提高了单一培养系统通过代谢工程将不同底物转化为各种增值生化物质的能力。然而，重组菌株中生物合成途径的过度表达会给宿主带来沉重的代谢负担，导致能量分布不平衡，并对细胞生长和生物合成能力产生负面影响。由两种或多种具有互补功能的微生物物种或菌株组成的合成联合体已成为减轻代谢负担和提高产品产量的有前途且有效的平台。然而，对合成联盟的研究仍处于起步阶段，在稳定的合成联盟的设计和构建方面存在许多挑战。这篇综述对单一栽培系统和综合联合体的优缺点进行了全面的比较。总结了基于最新进展的工程合成联合体的关键考虑因素，并讨论了指导合成联合体进展的模拟和计算工具。此外，还强调利用人工智能和机器学习等新兴技术进一步发展更高效、更具成本效益的综合联盟。