The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of three schedules of practice on high-level violinists’ learning. The contextual interference (CI) effect occurs when two or more tasks are practiced in an interleaved manner, which has been shown to impair initial learning but improve retention. How a musician alternates between tasks during practice can have a great impact on learning. This study was designed to explore how an increasing schedule of CI within a practice session would compare to the traditional blocked and random schedules. Sport research has shown a dynamically adaptive schedule to be advantageous, yet this area is relatively unexplored in music. Twenty advanced violinists at a music school practiced three sets of musical excerpts under three practice schedule conditions: blocked (pieces practiced one at a time), increasing contextual interference (blocked and then random), and interleaved (pieces randomly alternating). Recordings were taken at the stages of sight-reading, acquisition (immediately after practice sessions), and retention (24 hours later). Expert ratings of each musician’s recordings revealed no effect at the acquisition stage. However, at the delayed retention test, the blocked condition proved to be most effective. Fifty percent of participants perceived blocked practice to be the most effective.

中文翻译：

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在音乐练习中增加语境干扰如何影响习得和保留？

本研究的目的是调查三种练习计划对高水平小提琴家学习的影响。当以交错方式练习两个或多个任务时，就会出现情境干扰（CI）效应，这已被证明会损害初始学习，但会提高记忆力。音乐家在练习过程中如何交替执行任务会对学习产生很大影响。本研究旨在探讨练习中不断增加的 CI 时间表与传统的阻塞和随机时间表相比如何。体育研究表明动态自适应时间表是有利的，但这一领域在音乐领域相对尚未被探索。一所音乐学校的二十名高级小提琴家在三种练习计划条件下练习了三组音乐选段：阻塞（一次练习一首曲目）、增加上下文干扰（阻塞然后随机）和交错（曲目随机交替）。录音是在视奏、习得（练习结束后立即）和保留（24小时后）阶段进行的。对每位音乐家录音的专家评级显示，在收购阶段没有任何影响。然而，在延迟保留测试中，阻塞条件被证明是最有效的。百分之五十的参与者认为封锁练习是最有效的。