Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has been widely applied to investigate intricate biological dynamics due to its outstanding super-resolution imaging speed. Incorporating compressive sensing into SIM brings the possibility to further improve the super-resolution imaging speed. Nevertheless, the recovery of the super-resolution information from the compressed measurement remains challenging in experiments. Here, we report structured illumination microscopy with complementary encoding-based compressive imaging (CECI-SIM) to realize faster super-resolution imaging. Compared to the nine measurements to obtain a super-resolution image in a conventional SIM, CECI-SIM can achieve a super-resolution image by three measurements; therefore, a threefold improvement in the imaging speed can be achieved. This faster imaging ability in CECI-SIM is experimentally verified by observing tubulin and actin in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. This work provides a feasible solution for high-speed super-resolution imaging, which would bring significant applications in biomedical research.

中文翻译：

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使用基于互补编码的压缩成像更快的结构照明显微镜

结构照明显微镜（SIM）因其出色的超分辨率成像速度而被广泛应用于研究复杂的生物动力学。将压缩传感融入SIM中，为进一步提高超分辨率成像速度带来了可能。然而，从压缩测量中恢复超分辨率信息在实验中仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们报告了具有基于互补编码的压缩成像（CECI-SIM）的结构照明显微镜，以实现更快的超分辨率成像。与传统SIM中9次测量获得超分辨率图像相比，CECI-SIM可以通过3次测量获得超分辨率图像；因此，成像速度可以提高三倍。通过观察小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞中的微管蛋白和肌动蛋白，CECI-SIM 的这种更快的成像能力得到了实验验证。这项工作为高速超分辨率成像提供了可行的解决方案，这将在生物医学研究中带来重要的应用。