In this study, we investigated the genetic mapping of root biomass and root/shoot ratio. We utilized a large (n = 345) bi‐parental recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from the ‘Penny’ × ‘Yecora‐Rojo’ cross to investigate the partitioning of biomass above‐ and belowground and to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that influence root biomass and root/shoot ratio. Genotyping of 345 RILs by using genotyping by sequencing produced 2918 single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers by which a genome‐wide map of 3507 cM was constructed. Phenotyping was conducted in an augmented design with large pots in controlled environment. We identified two significant QTL regions, QRt.peye‐5A and QRt.peye‐5B, which control root biomass and the root/shoot ratio. QRt.peye‐5A, marking a 3.15 Mbp region on chromosome 5A, explained 11% of variations in root biomass and 9.5% of variations in root/shoot ratio, with the narrow region harbouring 28 genes. QRt.peye‐5B, marking a 12.2 Mbp region on chromosome 5B, explained 7% of variations in root/shoot ratio and harbours 104 genes. The root/shoot ratio enhancing alleles at QRt.peye‐5A and QRt.peye‐5B come from ‘Penny’ and ‘Yecora‐Rojo’ respectively. These QTL regions contains genes such as the two MADS box transcription factors on the 5A QTL that are candidate genes for Vrn1 locus, and other genes previously postulated for root traits such as a COBRA‐like COBL2 and landmark hormonal responses genes such as IAA16, IAA4 and BRI1, DREB2A‐INTERACTING PROTEIN2 (DRIP2) and bHLH92 which has a role in amelioration of stress conditions.

中文翻译：

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小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 根生物量和物候学的共享数量性状位点

在这项研究中，我们研究了根生物量和根/冠比的遗传图谱。我们利用了一个大的（n= 345) 来自“Penny”דYecora-Rojo”杂交的双亲重组自交系 (RIL) 群体，以研究地上和地下生物量的分配，并确定影响根生物量和根/冠比。通过测序基因分型对 345 个 RIL 进行基因分型，产生 2918 个单核苷酸多态性标记，通过这些标记构建了 3507 cM 的全基因组图谱。表型分析是在受控环境中采用大盆的增强设计进行的。我们确定了两个重要的 QTL 区域：QRt.peye-5A 和 QRt.peye-5B，它们控制根生物量和根/冠比。 QRt.peye-5A 标记了 5A 染色体上的 3.15 Mbp 区域，解释了 11% 的根生物量变异和 9.5% 的根/冠比变异，该狭窄区域包含 28 个基因。 QRt.peye-5B 标记了 5B 染色体上的 12.2 Mbp 区域，解释了 7% 的根/冠比变异，并包含 104 个基因。 QRt.peye-5A 和 QRt.peye-5B 的根/冠比增强等位基因分别来自“Penny”和“Yecora-Rojo”。这些 QTL 区域包含基因，例如 5A QTL 上的两个 MADS 盒转录因子（它们是 Vrn1 基因座的候选基因），以及先前假设的根性状（例如 COBRA 样）的其他基因。COBL2和具有里程碑意义的激素反应基因，例如IAA16,IAA4和一带一路1,DREB2A相互作用蛋白2（滴水2）和bHLH92它具有改善压力状况的作用。