Green hydrogen from renewable energy is a promising option to satisfy the growing refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs). However, the intermittency of renewable energy and the random integration of HFCVs may result in a supply-demand mismatch in the hydrogen transportation systems. This may bring down system operation efficiency and deteriorate user experience. This paper proposes a dynamic collaborative pricing mechanism for managing the refueling demand of HFCVs to minimize the operating cost of the system. First, based on a leader-follower game, we design a hydrogen trading mechanism between hydrogen generation stations and off-site refueling stations. Then, we propose a locational marginal hydrogen pricing method based on the duality theory. This method can determine the refueling stations’ spatiotemporal retail prices. Based on this dynamic pricing mechanism, we further develop a refueling navigation strategy for HFCVs that incorporates the practical multi-trip chains to manage their refueling demand. Finally, numerical experiments validate that the proposed method can maximize the total social surplus and reduce the total travel cost of HFCVs by optimizing the trading strategies and spatiotemporal distribution of the refueling demand.

中文翻译：

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管理氢燃料电池汽车加油需求的动态协同定价


来自可再生能源的绿色氢是满足氢燃料电池汽车（HFCV）不断增长的加油需求的一个有前途的选择。然而，可再生能源的间歇性和HFCV的随机整合可能会导致氢运输系统的供需不匹配。这可能会降低系统运行效率并降低用户体验。本文提出了一种动态协同定价机制来管理 HFCV 的加油需求，以最大限度地降低系统的运营成本。首先，基于领导者-跟随者博弈，我们设计了制氢站和场外加氢站之间的氢气交易机制。然后，我们提出了一种基于对偶理论的区位边际氢定价方法。该方法可以确定加油站的时空零售价格。基于这种动态定价机制，我们进一步开发了 HFCV 的加油导航策略，该策略结合了实用的多行程链来管理其加油需求。最后，数值实验验证了该方法可以通过优化交易策略和加油需求的时空分布，最大化社会总剩余并降低HFCV的总出行成本。