The electrochemical behavior and catalytic properties of nickel oxide (NiOx) are enhanced through cathodic electroplating and subsequent electrochemical activation in an alkaline aqueous electrolyte. The electrochemical detection of ʟ-glutamate becomes feasible by introducing an amine group through immobilizing APTES ((3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane) on the NiOx surface, resulting in a positive charge. The synergistic effect of electrochemically activated electroplated NiOx and the APTES-modified surface facilitates the effective electrochemical detection of trace ʟ-glutamate. The APTES-activated NiOx electrode exhibits a linear detection range of 0.2 nM to 2 mM for glutamate. This relatively wide concentration range is promising for the analysis of human biological fluids.

中文翻译：

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电化学检测谷氨酸的氧化镍电镀及电极表面修饰

通过阴极电镀和随后在碱性水性电解质中的电化学活化，可以增强氧化镍 (NiOx) 的电化学行为和催化性能。通过将APTES（（3-氨基丙基）三乙氧基硅烷）固定在NiOx表面上引入胺基，从而产生正电荷，从而使ʟ-谷氨酸的电化学检测变得可行。电化学活化的电镀 NiOx 和 APTES 修饰表面的协同效应有利于痕量 ʟ-谷氨酸的有效电化学检测。 APTES 激活的 NiOx 电极对谷氨酸的线性检测范围为 0.2 nM 至 2 mM。这种相对较宽的浓度范围对于人体生物体液的分析很有希望。