Agroecology is identified as an important solution to increase the sustainability of agricultural and food systems. Despite the increasing number of publications assessing the socio-economic outcomes of agroecology, very few studies have consolidated the scattered results obtained on various case studies. This paper provides new insights by consolidating evidence on the varied socio-economic effects of agroecology across a large number of cases at a global level. To this purpose, we used a rapid review methodology, screening more than 13,000 publications to retrieve evidence on the socio-economic outcomes of the implementation of agroecological practices. The results of the review indicate that (1) agroecological practices are associated more often with positive socio-economic outcomes across the broad range of evaluated metrics (51% positive, 30% negative, 10% neutral, and 9% inconclusive outcomes); (2) the socio-economic metrics associated with financial capital represent the vast majority of evaluated metrics (83% of total) and are affected positively in a large share of cases (53%), due to favourable outcomes on income, revenues, productivity and efficiency; (3) human capital metrics (16%) are associated with a larger number of negative outcomes (46% versus 38% positive), due to higher labour requirements and costs that are however partly compensated by an overall greater number of positive outcomes on labour productivity (55%); and (4) the results vary depending on the agroecological practice assessed; e.g. for agroforestry, we identify 53% positive outcomes while for cropping system diversification 35%. These results indicate an overall favourable potential for farms to benefit from a positive socio-economic performance with the use of agroecological practices. Yet, the magnitude, temporal aspects, and success factors related to these outcomes, as well as the trade-offs between them, and the system-level effects of an agroecological transition are to be further assessed, since they can have an important influence on the performance of individual farms.

生态农业被认为是提高农业和粮食系统可持续性的重要解决方案。尽管评估农业生态学社会经济成果的出版物越来越多，但很少有研究整合各种案例研究中获得的分散结果。本文通过整合全球大量案例中生态农业对社会经济影响的证据，提供了新的见解。为此，我们采用快速审查方法，筛选了 13,000 多份出版物，以检索有关实施生态农业实践的社会经济成果的证据。审查结果表明，(1) 在广泛的评估指标中，生态农业实践更经常与积极的社会经济成果相关（51% 积极、30% 消极、10% 中立和 9% 不确定结果）； (2) 与金融资本相关的社会经济指标占评估指标的绝大多数（占总数的 83%），并且由于收入、收入、生产力方面的有利结果，在很大一部分情况下（53%）受到积极影响和效率； (3) 人力资本指标 (16%) 与更多的负面结果相关（46% 与 38% 的正面结果相关），因为劳动力需求和成本较高，但整体上更多的正面结果在一定程度上弥补了这一因素生产力（55%）； (4) 结果因评估的农业生态实践而异；例如，对于农林业，我们确定了 53% 的积极成果，而对于种植系统多样化，则为 35%。这些结果表明，农场具有利用生态农业实践从积极的社会经济绩效中受益的总体有利潜力。然而，与这些结果相关的规模、时间方面和成功因素，以及它们之间的权衡，以及农业生态转型的系统层面的影响有待进一步评估，因为它们可以对农业生态转型产生重要影响。个别农场的表现。