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Climate change disrupts the seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nutrient cycling in an alpine ecosystem
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17245 Arthur A D Broadbent 1, 2 , Lindsay K Newbold 3 , William J Pritchard 1 , Antonios Michas 4, 5 , Tim Goodall 3 , Irene Cordero 1, 6 , Andrew Giunta 7 , Helen S K Snell 1 , Violette V L H Pepper 8 , Helen K Grant 9 , David X Soto 9, 10 , Ruediger Kaufmann 7 , Michael Schloter 4, 5 , Robert I Griffiths 11 , Michael Bahn 7 , Richard D Bardgett 1
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17245 Arthur A D Broadbent 1, 2 , Lindsay K Newbold 3 , William J Pritchard 1 , Antonios Michas 4, 5 , Tim Goodall 3 , Irene Cordero 1, 6 , Andrew Giunta 7 , Helen S K Snell 1 , Violette V L H Pepper 8 , Helen K Grant 9 , David X Soto 9, 10 , Ruediger Kaufmann 7 , Michael Schloter 4, 5 , Robert I Griffiths 11 , Michael Bahn 7 , Richard D Bardgett 1
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The seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nutrient demands is crucial for efficient ecosystem nutrient cycling and plant production, especially in strongly seasonal alpine ecosystems. Yet, how these seasonal nutrient cycling processes are modified by climate change and what the consequences are for nutrient loss and retention in alpine ecosystems remain unclear. Here, we explored how two pervasive climate change factors, reduced snow cover and shrub expansion, interactively modify the seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nitrogen (N) cycling in alpine grasslands, which are warming at double the rate of the global average. We found that the combination of reduced snow cover and shrub expansion disrupted the seasonal coupling of plant and soil N‐cycling, with pronounced effects in spring (shortly after snow melt) and autumn (at the onset of plant senescence). In combination, both climate change factors decreased plant organic N‐uptake by 70% and 82%, soil microbial biomass N by 19% and 38% and increased soil denitrifier abundances by 253% and 136% in spring and autumn, respectively. Shrub expansion also individually modified the seasonality of soil microbial community composition and stoichiometry towards more N‐limited conditions and slower nutrient cycling in spring and autumn. In winter, snow removal markedly reduced the fungal:bacterial biomass ratio, soil N pools and shifted bacterial community composition. Taken together, our findings suggest that interactions between climate change factors can disrupt the temporal coupling of plant and soil microbial N‐cycling processes in alpine grasslands. This could diminish the capacity of these globally widespread alpine ecosystems to retain N and support plant productivity under future climate change.
中文翻译：
气候变化破坏了高山生态系统中植物和土壤微生物养分循环的季节性耦合
植物和土壤微生物养分需求的季节性耦合对于有效的生态系统养分循环和植物生产至关重要，特别是在季节性强的高山生态系统中。然而，气候变化如何改变这些季节性养分循环过程以及高山生态系统养分流失和保留的后果仍不清楚。在这里，我们探讨了两个普遍的气候变化因素，积雪减少和灌木扩张，如何交互改变高山草原植物和土壤微生物氮（N）循环的季节性耦合，这些草原的变暖速度是全球平均水平的两倍。我们发现，积雪减少和灌木扩张相结合，扰乱了植物和土壤氮循环的季节性耦合，在春季（雪融化后不久）和秋季（植物衰老开始时）影响显着。综合起来，这两种气候变化因素在春季和秋季分别使植物有机氮吸收量减少了 70% 和 82%，土壤微生物生物量氮减少了 19% 和 38%，土壤反硝化菌丰度分别增加了 253% 和 136%。灌木扩张还单独改变了土壤微生物群落组成和化学计量的季节性，以适应更多的氮限制条件和春季和秋季养分循环的减慢。冬季，除雪显着降低了真菌与细菌的生物量比、土壤氮库并改变了细菌群落组成。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，气候变化因素之间的相互作用可以破坏高山草原植物和土壤微生物氮循环过程的时间耦合。这可能会削弱这些全球广泛分布的高山生态系统在未来气候变化下保留氮和支持植物生产力的能力。
更新日期：2024-03-21
中文翻译：
气候变化破坏了高山生态系统中植物和土壤微生物养分循环的季节性耦合
植物和土壤微生物养分需求的季节性耦合对于有效的生态系统养分循环和植物生产至关重要，特别是在季节性强的高山生态系统中。然而，气候变化如何改变这些季节性养分循环过程以及高山生态系统养分流失和保留的后果仍不清楚。在这里，我们探讨了两个普遍的气候变化因素，积雪减少和灌木扩张，如何交互改变高山草原植物和土壤微生物氮（N）循环的季节性耦合，这些草原的变暖速度是全球平均水平的两倍。我们发现，积雪减少和灌木扩张相结合，扰乱了植物和土壤氮循环的季节性耦合，在春季（雪融化后不久）和秋季（植物衰老开始时）影响显着。综合起来，这两种气候变化因素在春季和秋季分别使植物有机氮吸收量减少了 70% 和 82%，土壤微生物生物量氮减少了 19% 和 38%，土壤反硝化菌丰度分别增加了 253% 和 136%。灌木扩张还单独改变了土壤微生物群落组成和化学计量的季节性，以适应更多的氮限制条件和春季和秋季养分循环的减慢。冬季，除雪显着降低了真菌与细菌的生物量比、土壤氮库并改变了细菌群落组成。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，气候变化因素之间的相互作用可以破坏高山草原植物和土壤微生物氮循环过程的时间耦合。这可能会削弱这些全球广泛分布的高山生态系统在未来气候变化下保留氮和支持植物生产力的能力。
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