Background/aims To propose an approach to determine the target ratio of cataract surgical rates (CSRs) of female to male subpopulations to increase sex parity in cataract surgical coverage (CSC), based on the sex gap in cataract burden and incidence, and demonstrate its application to Theni district, India. Methods A population-based longitudinal study between January 2016 and April 2018. We recruited 24 327 participants using random cluster sampling. We conducted detailed eye examinations of 7087 participants aged ≥40 years (4098 females, 2989 males). We fit exponential models to the age-specific and sex-specific cataract burden and estimated annual incidence rates. We developed a spreadsheet-based planning tool to compute the target CSR ratio of female to male subpopulations. Results Among those aged ≥40 years, cataract burden was 21.4% for females and 17.5% for males (p<0.05). CSC was 73.9% for females versus 78.6% for males (p<0.05), with an effective CSC of 52.6% for females versus 57.6% for males (p<0.05). Treating only incident cataracts each year requires a target CSR ratio of female to male subpopulations of 1.30, while addressing in addition 10% of the coverage backlog for females and 5% for males requires a target CSR ratio of 1.48. Conclusions The female population in Theni district, as in many low-income and middle-income countries, bears a higher cataract burden and lower CSC. To enhance sex parity in coverage, both the higher number of annual incident cataracts and the larger backlog in females will need to be addressed. Data are available upon reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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在印度 Theni 区白内障手术覆盖率中实现性别平等的评估和模型


背景/目标 提出一种方法来确定女性与男性亚群白内障手术率 （CSRs） 的目标比率，以增加白内障手术覆盖率 （CSC） 的性别平等，基于白内障负担和发病率的性别差距，并证明其应用于印度 Theni 区。方法 2016 年 1 月至 2018 年 4 月期间进行的基于人群的纵向研究。我们使用随机整群抽样招募了 24 327 名参与者。我们对 7087 名年龄在 ≥40 岁的参与者 （4098 名女性，2989 名男性） 进行了详细的眼科检查。我们将指数模型拟合到年龄特异性和性别特异性白内障负担和估计的年发病率。我们开发了一种基于电子表格的计划工具来计算女性与男性亚群的目标 CSR 比率。结果 在 ≥40 岁的人群中，女性白内障负担为 21.4%，男性为 17.5% （p<0.05）。女性的 CSC 为 73.9%，男性为 78.6% （p<0.05），女性的有效 CSC 为 52.6%，男性为 57.6% （p<0.05）。每年仅治疗新发白内障需要女性与男性亚群的目标 CSR 比率为 1.30，而另外解决 10% 的女性和 5% 的男性覆盖积压需要 1.48 的目标 CSR 比率。结论 与许多低收入和中等收入国家一样，Theni 区的女性人口承担着较高的白内障负担和较低的 CSC。为了提高覆盖率的性别均等，需要解决每年发生白内障的大量病例和女性积压的大量问题。数据可根据合理要求提供。