Various dielectric response processes in the oil-paper insulation are sensitively affected by the insulating states (ageing degrees and moisture contents). However, the existing research is still incomplete in revealing the microscopic mechanisms of various dielectric response processes in oil-paper insulation with different insulating states. Given this issue, the genetic algorithm is first adopted to extract the Dissado–Hill (D–H) model parameters by simulating the frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS) of oil-paper insulation. Then, the change laws of the extracted D–H model parameters are adopted to reveal the microscopic mechanisms of various dielectric response processes. Microscopic mechanisms of four dielectric response processes are studied, which are quasi-dc relaxation, loss peak relaxation, optical frequency relaxation, and DC conductance. Meanwhile, due to the dielectric response processes being dominated by various polar particles (methanol, ethanol, furfural, and water molecule), the contents of various ageing by-products dissolved in the insulating oil are measured to support the above analysis. In this respect, a dielectric theoretical reference for the FDS technique to research the insulating states of oil-paper insulation is provided.

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不同绝缘状态油纸绝缘各种介电响应过程的微观机理分析

油纸绝缘中的各种介电响应过程受到绝缘状态（老化程度和含水量）的敏感影响。然而，现有研究在揭示不同绝缘状态油纸绝缘中各种介电响应过程的微观机制方面尚不完善。针对这个问题，首先采用遗传算法通过模拟油纸绝缘的频域谱（FDS）来提取Dissado–Hill（D–H）模型参数。然后，利用提取的D-H模型参数的变化规律来揭示各种介电响应过程的微观机制。研究了四种介电响应过程的微观机制，即准直流弛豫、损耗峰值弛豫、光频率弛豫和直流电导。同时，由于介电响应过程以各种极性粒子（甲醇、乙醇、糠醛和水分子）为主，因此测量了溶解在绝缘油中的各种老化副产物的含量来支持上述分析。这为FDS技术研究油纸绝缘的绝缘状态提供了介电理论参考。