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Tumor Exosomal ENPP1 Hydrolyzes cGAMP to Inhibit cGAS-STING Signaling
Advanced Science ( IF 14.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 , DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308131
Yu An 1 , Jinchao Zhu 1 , Qihui Xie 2 , Jianzhou Feng 3 , Yanli Gong 3 , Qian Fan 3 , Jiao Cao 3 , Zhi Huang 3 , Weixiong Shi 3 , Qingyuan Lin 1 , Lingling Wu 3 , Chaoyong Yang 3, 4 , Tianhai Ji 1
Affiliation  

To evade immune surveillance, tumor cells express ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) on the surface of their membrane, which degrades extracellular cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), thereby inhibiting the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) stimulator of interferon gene (STING) DNA-sensing pathway. To fully understand this tumor stealth mechanism, it is essential to determine whether other forms of ENPP1 with hydrolytic cGAMP activity also are present in the tumor microenvironment to regulate this innate immune pathway. Herein, it is reported that various tumor-derived exosomes carry ENPP1, and can hydrolyze synthetic 2′3′-cGAMP and endogenous 2′3′-cGAMP produced by cells to inhibit cGAS-STING pathway in immune cells. Moreover, tumor exosomal ENPP1 also can hydrolyze 2′3′-cGAMP bound to LL-37 (an effective transporter of 2′3′-cGAMP) to inhibit STING signaling. Furthermore, high expression of ENPP1 in exosomes is observed isolated from human breast and lung cancer tissue, and tumor exosomal ENPP1 inhibited the immune infiltration of CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells. The results elucidate the essential function of tumor exosomal ENPP1 in the cGAS-STING pathway, furthering understanding of the crosstalk between the tumor cells and immune system.

中文翻译:


肿瘤外泌体 ENPP1 水解 cGAMP 以抑制 cGAS-STING 信号传导



为了逃避免疫监视,肿瘤细胞在细胞膜表面表达外核苷酸焦磷酸酶磷酸二酯酶1(ENPP1),降解细胞外环鸟苷酸-AMP(cGAMP),从而抑制干扰素基因(STING)的环鸟苷酸-AMP合酶(cGAS)刺激剂) DNA 传感途径。为了充分了解这种肿瘤隐形机制,有必要确定肿瘤微环境中是否也存在其他形式的具有水解 cGAMP 活性的 ENPP1 来调节这种先天免疫途径。据报道,多种肿瘤来源的外泌体携带ENPP1,可以水解细胞产生的合成2'3'-cGAMP和内源性2'3'-cGAMP,从而抑制免疫细胞中的cGAS-STING通路。此外,肿瘤外泌体ENPP1还可以水解与LL-37(2'3'-cGAMP的有效转运蛋白)结合的2'3'-cGAMP,从而抑制STING信号传导。此外,在从人乳腺癌和肺癌组织中分离到的外泌体中观察到ENPP1的高表达,并且肿瘤外泌体ENPP1抑制CD8+T细胞和CD4+T细胞的免疫浸润。结果阐明了肿瘤外泌体 ENPP1 在 cGAS-STING 通路中的基本功能,进一步了解肿瘤细胞与免疫系统之间的串扰。
更新日期:2024-03-18
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