BACKGROUND:Hypertension is a highly prevalent cardiovascular disease risk factor that may be related to inflammation. Whether adverse levels of specific inflammatory cytokines relate to hypertension is unknown. The present study sought to determine whether higher levels of IL (interleukin)-1β, IL-6, TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α, IFN (interferon)-γ, IL-17A, and CRP (C-reactive protein) are associated with a greater risk of incident hypertension.METHODS:The REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Difference in Stroke) is a prospective cohort study that recruited 30 239 community-dwelling Black and White adults from the contiguous United States in 2003 to 2007 (visit 1), with follow-up 9 years later in 2013 to 2016 (visit 2). We included participants without prevalent hypertension who attended follow-up 9 years later and had available laboratory measures and covariates of interest. Poisson regression estimated the risk ratio of incident hypertension by level of inflammatory biomarkers.RESULTS:Among 1866 included participants (mean [SD] aged of 62 [8] years, 25% Black participants, 55% women), 36% developed hypertension. In fully adjusted models comparing the third to first tertile of each biomarker, there was a greater risk of incident hypertension for higher IL-1β among White (1.24 [95% CI, 1.01–1.53]) but not Black participants (1.01 [95% CI, 0.83–1.23]) and higher TNF-α (1.20 [95% CI, 1.02–1.41]) and IFN-γ (1.22 [95% CI, 1.04–1.42]) among all participants. There was no increased risk with IL-6, IL-17A, or CRP.CONCLUSIONS:Higher levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, representing distinct inflammatory pathways, are elevated in advance of hypertension development. Whether modifying these cytokines will reduce incident hypertension is unknown.

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REGARDS 研究中的细胞因子、C 反应蛋白和高血压风险

背景：高血压是一种非常普遍的心血管疾病危险因素，可能与炎症有关。特定炎症细胞因子的不良水平是否与高血压有关尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定较高水平的 IL（白细胞介素）-1β、IL-6、TNF（肿瘤坏死因子）-α、IFN（干扰素）-γ、IL-17A 和 CRP（C 反应蛋白）是否与方法：REGARDS 研究（中风的地理和种族差异的原因）是一项前瞻性队列研究，于 2003 年至 2007 年从美国本土招募了 30 239 名居住在社区的黑人和白人成年人（访视 1)，并在 9 年后的 2013 年至 2016 年进行随访（访视 2）。我们纳入了未患有高血压的参与者，他们在 9 年后参加了随访，并拥有可用的实验室测量值和感兴趣的协变量。泊松回归通过炎症生物标志物水平估计了高血压发生的风险比。 结果：在 1866 名参与者中（平均 [SD] 年龄为 62 [8] 岁，25% 是黑人参与者，55% 是女性），36% 患有高血压。在比较每个生物标志物的第三个和第一个三分位数的完全调整模型中，白种人中 IL-1β 较高的人发生高血压的风险更大（1.24 [95% CI，1.01–1.53]），但黑人参与者则不然（1.01 [95%所有参与者的 CI，0.83–1.23]）和较高的 TNF-α（1.20 [95% CI，1.02–1.41]）和 IFN-γ（1.22 [95% CI，1.04–1.42]）。IL-6、IL-17A 或 CRP 不会增加风险。结论：代表不同炎症途径的 IL-1β、TNF-α 和 IFN-γ 水平较高，在高血压发生之前就升高。修饰这些细胞因子是否会减少高血压的发生尚不清楚。