木质纤维素生物质成分在调节沼渣堆肥过程中有机矿化和腐殖化微生物互利作用中的作用,ACS ES&T Engineering

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木质纤维素生物质成分在调节沼渣堆肥过程中有机矿化和腐殖化微生物互利作用中的作用
ACS ES&T Engineering ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00456
Xingzu Gao ₁ , Zhicheng Xu ₁ , Tong Shi ₁ , Chuanren Qi ₁ , Long D. Nghiem ₂ , Guoxue Li _{1,

3} , Wenhai Luo _{1,

3,

4}

Affiliation

本研究调查了木质纤维素废物在调节微生物相互作用方面的性能，以改善食物垃圾厌氧消化产生的消化物的堆肥，涉及有机矿化和腐殖化。有代表性地选择了具有不同木质纤维素生物质组成和结构的园林垃圾、稻壳和玉米杆进行比较。高通量测序与模块化网络分析相结合，以破译微生物群落结构及其相互作用。结果表明，将15%的玉米秆和园林垃圾与沼渣（湿重）混合比稻壳更能有效地富集功能微生物（例如Tepidimicrobium和Mortierella），从而促进木质纤维素降解和腐殖质形成的微生物界。特别是，添加玉米秸秆可以观察到更强的细菌界内互利作用，促进消化液中细菌从厌氧到好氧的逐步演替，从而抑制厌氧和反硝化微生物的活动，使甲烷和一氧化二氮的排放量减少14.2-49.1% 。此外，含有更多木质素的花园垃圾可以有效增强真菌内部的互利共生及其与细菌的相互作用，从而减轻有机碳矿化，减少二氧化碳排放39.8%~42.7%。相比之下，稻壳削弱了微生物界间的互利共生，从而延缓了沼渣堆肥过程中的有机生物降解和腐殖化。这项研究的结果为选择木质纤维素废物来调节有机生物转化和改善腐殖化并同时减少沼渣堆肥中的气体排放提供了基本的了解。

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Role of Lignocellulosic Biomass Composition to Regulate Microbial Mutualism for Organic Mineralization and Humification during Digestate Composting

This study investigated the performance of lignocellulosic wastes to regulate microbial interactions to improve the composting of digestate from the anaerobic digestion of food waste regarding organic mineralization and humification. Garden waste, rice husk, and cornstalks with diverse lignocellulosic biomass compositions and structures were representatively selected for comparison. High-throughput sequencing was integrated with a modular network analysis to decipher microbial community structures and their interactions. Results showed that mixing 15% of cornstalks and garden waste with digestate (wet weight) was more effective than rice husk to enrich functional microbes (e.g., Tepidimicrobium and Mortierella) to promote the microbial interkingdom for lignocellulosic degradation and humus formation. In particular, a stronger bacterial intrakingdom mutualism was observed with cornstalk addition to facilitate the progressive succession of bacteria in digestate from anaerobic to aerobic and thus inhibit the activities of anaerobic and denitrifying microbes to reduce the emissions of methane and nitrous oxide by 14.2–49.1%. Furthermore, garden waste with more lignin could effectively strengthen intrakingdom mutualism within fungi and their interkingdom interaction with bacteria to mitigate organic carbon mineralization and reduce carbon dioxide emission by 39.8–42.7%. By contrast, rice husk weakened microbial interkingdom mutualisms to retard organic biodegradation and humification during digestate composting. Results from this study provided fundamental understanding on selecting lignocellulosic wastes to regulate organic biotransformation and to improve humification and simultaneously mitigate gaseous emissions in digestate composting.

更新日期：2024-03-11

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