This research introduces a chemistry-agnostic approach to achieve rapid and degradation-free battery charging via ultrasonic agitation. An ultrasonic device operating in the megahertz range was used to stimulate electrolyte flow from outside the cell. The acoustic streaming effect accelerates ion transport from the bulk electrolyte to the electrode surface and suppresses the formation of an ion depletion zone. An experimental setup was used to optically observe the formation of dendrites when the current imposed across two zinc electrodes exceeded the limiting current. Beyond this limit, diffusion alone cannot provide sufficient ions, resulting in an ion depletion zone. It was subsequently shown that dendrite formation was reduced by over 98% when 15x the limiting current was forced across the electrodes and acoustic stimulation was delivered. Furthermore, it was shown that compared to the scenario without ultrasonic stimulation, the steady state potential was also reduced by 29%, indicating much better ion exchange between the electrodes. These findings suggest that ultrasonic stimulation can be a tool for enhancing electrochemical processes such as battery charging and discharging.

中文翻译：

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通过超声波刺激抑制枝晶形成

这项研究引入了一种与化学无关的方法，通过超声波搅拌实现快速且无降解的电池充电。使用兆赫范围内工作的超声波装置来刺激电解质从细胞外部流动。声流效应加速了离子从本体电解质到电极表面的传输，并抑制了离子耗尽区的形成。当两个锌电极上施加的电流超过极限电流时，使用实验装置光学观察枝晶的形成。超过此限制，仅扩散无法提供足够的离子，从而导致离子耗尽区。随后的研究表明，当电极上施加 15 倍的极限电流并传递声刺激时，树突形成减少了 98% 以上。此外，结果表明，与没有超声波刺激的情况相比，稳态电位也降低了 29%，这表明电极之间的离子交换要好得多。这些发现表明超声波刺激可以成为增强电池充电和放电等电化学过程的工具。