A complex approach to the extraction of gallium from a carbon concentrate (CC), a waste product of the aluminum industry, was considered. Ashing of CC made it possible to remove the main component - carbon and obtain ash, which is an oxide mineral-like compound, from which gallium was leached with solutions of inorganic acids and their mixtures. The maximum degree of leaching (98%) of gallium was achieved with 6 M HCl for ash after ashing the CC at 600 °C. It was shown that Purolite anion exchangers with highly basic tertiary and quaternary ammonium base groups recovered gallium(III) from 2 to 10 M HCl, where the sorption equilibrium was attained after 60 min. The maximum extraction was observed from 6 M HCl. Under optimal conditions, the maximum sorption capacities for gallium(III) were achieved for Purolite A300 (2.7 mmol g) and Purolite A500 (2.2 mmol g) sorbents. Gallium(III) was quantitatively (99%) eluted from the sorbents with distilled water. Sorption of gallium(III) and its subsequent desorption with water made it possible to separate it from the predominant amounts of transition metal ions: Fe(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), V(V) and other cations: Al, Ca, Mg, Na and K. The addition of sodium hydroxide to the concentration of 200 g L resulted in the cementation of gallium on aluminum gallama (liquid gallium‑aluminum alloy).

中文翻译：

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从碳精矿中提取镓 - 铝工业废料


人们考虑了一种从铝工业废品碳精矿（CC）中提取镓的复杂方法。 CC的灰化可以去除主要成分——碳并获得灰分，灰分是一种氧化物矿物状化合物，用无机酸及其混合物的溶液从灰分中浸出镓。在 600 °C 灰化 CC 后，用 6 M HCl 灰分可实现镓的最大浸出度 (98%)。结果表明，具有高碱性叔铵和季铵碱基团的 Purolite 阴离子交换剂可从 2 至 10 M HCl 中回收镓 (III)，60 分钟后达到吸附平衡。从 6 M HCl 中观察到最大萃取量。在最佳条件下，Purolite A300 (2.7 mmol g) 和 Purolite A500 (2.2 mmol g) 吸附剂实现了镓 (III) 的最大吸附容量。用蒸馏水从吸附剂中定量 (99%) 洗脱镓 (III)。镓 (III) 的吸附及其随后用水的解吸使其能够与主要量的过渡金属离子分离：Fe(III)、Ni(II)、Co(II)、Zn(II)、V(V) ）和其他阳离子：Al、Ca、Mg、Na 和 K。添加浓度为 200 g/L 的氢氧化钠导致镓在铝镓（液态镓铝合金）上发生胶结。