Scalarization is a mechanism that endows strongly self-gravitating bodies, such as neutron stars and black holes, with a scalar-field configuration. It resembles a phase transition in that the scalar configuration appears only when a certain quantity that characterizes the compact object, for example, its compactness or spin, is beyond a threshold. A critical and comprehensive review of scalarization, including the mechanism itself, theories that exhibit it, its manifestation in neutron stars, black holes and their binaries, potential extension to other fields, and a thorough discussion of future perspectives, is provided.

中文翻译：

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自发标量化

标量化是一种赋予强自引力体（例如中子星和黑洞）标量场配置的机制。它类似于相变，因为仅当表征致密物体的特定量（例如其致密性或自旋）超过阈值时才会出现标量配置。对标量化进行了批判性和全面的回顾，包括机制本身、展示它的理论、它在中子星、黑洞及其双星中的表现、向其他领域的潜在扩展，以及对未来前景的彻底讨论。