Although animosity has been well examined as a precursor of peoples' intention to visit a destination, its role in predicting locals' intentions to oppose tourism is under-researched. Emphasis has also been placed on stable rather than situational animosity, with the latter resulting from temporary reasons such as the pandemic. This research used protection motivation theory to explain how residents' fear of contracting COVID-19 and ascribing responsibility to tourists for spreading the virus determined their feelings of animosity towards visitors and their behavioral intentions to oppose tourism. Results based on 413 surveys with Fiji residents revealed that fear of COVID-19 positively affects ascribed responsibility, which impacts residents' animosity; the latter determining behavioral intent to oppose tourism. The magnitude of nearly all relationships was moderated by residents’ sense of personal obligation to protect their community. Implications to tourism theory and practice are provided.

中文翻译：

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居民反抗：恐惧、责任、敌意和规范的相互作用形成了居民对旅游业的反对

尽管敌意已被充分研究为人们访问目的地意图的先兆，但其在预测当地人反对旅游业意图方面的作用尚未得到充分研究。重点还在于稳定的敌意，而不是情境性的敌意，后者是由疫情等暂时原因造成的。这项研究利用保护动机理论来解释居民对感染 COVID-19 的恐惧以及将传播病毒的责任归咎于游客如何决定他们对游客的敌意情绪以及反对旅游业的行为意图。基于对斐济居民的 413 项调查的结果显示，对 COVID-19 的恐惧会积极影响所承担的责任，从而影响居民的敌意；后者确定反对旅游业的行为意图。几乎所有关系的重要性都受到居民保护社区的个人义务感的调节。提供了对旅游理论和实践的启示。