Are there optimal levels of showing one feels good? Examining four positive emotions (), we demonstrate in two pre-registered experiments ( = 901) that even for pleasant feelings, showing too much – or too little – can lead to negative social consequences. Expressers who downplay their gratitude, and to a lesser degree interest, are deprived of social contact and power. Restrained displays of feeling moved are also met with reduced contact. For triumph, amplified expressers are socially avoided, yet at the same time, those who downplay their victory are seen to be less powerful. We demonstrate the role of person-perception mechanisms (warmth and competence) as underlying explanators for these effects. Taken together, our findings contribute to the growing literature on the social consequences of emotional expressions, by pointing to divergent outcomes for norm violations relating to different positive emotions.

中文翻译：

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（不）表现出你感觉良好，可能会很糟糕：打破积极情绪表达规范的后果


是否存在表现出良好感觉的最佳水平？通过检查四种积极情绪 ()，我们在两个预先注册的实验 ( = 901) 中证明，即使是愉快的感觉，表现得太多或太少也会导致负面的社会后果。淡化感激之情和淡化兴趣的表达者会被剥夺社会联系和权力。减少接触也会导致克制地表达感动的感觉。为了取得胜利，那些被放大的表达者会受到社会的回避，但与此同时，那些淡化胜利的人会被认为权力较小。我们证明了人的感知机制（热情和能力）作为这些影响的潜在解释因素的作用。总而言之，我们的研究结果指出了与不同积极情绪相关的违反规范的不同结果，为越来越多关于情绪表达的社会后果的文献做出了贡献。