As a globally important alpine ecological zone, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the stability of its ecosystem are of substantial significance to the East Asian and global climates. Livestock grazing is a traditional and important method to use grassland resources and has influenced the structure and functions of alpine grassland ecosystems; therefore, a rational grazing management strategy is important for the stability of the structure and functioning of alpine grassland. In this study, we conducted a manipulated grazing experiment with yak and Tibetan sheep, which are indigenous livestock, to investigate the effects of livestock type and its mixing ratio on soil properties, functional traits of plants, and ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) in alpine grassland. The results showed that (1) the livestock assembly regulated EMF of alpine grassland by changing the vegetation functional traits and soil physicochemical properties; (2) all grazing treatments increased EMF of alpine grassland, with Tibetan sheep single grazing and mixed with 1:6 yak to Tibetan sheep being significantly higher than no grazing; (3) and grazing achieved EMF regulation based on the indirect effects of community functional dispersion and soil quality index. Our results demonstrate that soil quality improvement due to livestock activities is more conducive to enhancing the ecosystem multifunctionality of alpine grassland vegetation than that under moderate grazing intensity, and Tibetan sheep are more conducive to improving and optimising the ecosystem multifunctionality of alpine grassland compared with yaks under moderate grazing intensity.

中文翻译：

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不同牲畜放牧组合下土壤理化性质和植物功能性状调控高寒草地生态系统多功能性

青藏高原作为全球重要的高山生态区，其生态系统的稳定对东亚乃至全球气候具有重要意义。畜牧业放牧是传统而重要的草原资源利用方式，影响着高寒草原生态系统的结构和功能；因此，合理的放牧管理策略对于高寒草地结构和功能的稳定具有重要意义。本研究以当地牲畜牦牛和藏羊为对象，进行了人工放牧试验，探讨牲畜类型及其混合比例对高寒草原土壤性质、植物功能性状和生态系统多功能性（EMF）的影响。 。结果表明：（1）牲畜聚集通过改变植被功能性状和土壤理化性质来调控高寒草地电磁场；(2)所有放牧处理均增加了高寒草原的电磁场,其中藏羊单一放牧和1:6牦牛与藏羊混合放牧显着高于不放牧; (3)放牧基于群落功能分散度和土壤质量指数的间接影响实现了电磁场调节。结果表明，畜牧活动带来的土壤质量改善比中等放牧强度下更有利于增强高寒草原植被生态系统多功能性，而藏羊与牦牛相比更有利于改善和优化高寒草原植被生态系统多功能性。放牧强度适中。