The principle of legality requires that individuals receive “fair notice” of conduct that is criminal. Courts enforce this fair notice requirement through various interpretive principles and practices, including the void-for- vagueness doctrine. The void-for-vagueness doctrine remains undertheorized, however, despite its centrality to the interpretation of criminal statutes. We offer a new theory of the void-for-vagueness doctrine that accounts for recent Supreme Court decisions. Specifically, we propose a scalar theory that fair notice is a matter of degree, dependent on various factors. We explore the implications of this theory for anti-abortion statutes post-Dobbs and explain why many of these statutes do not provide fair notice to either ordinary individuals or medical professionals.

合法性原则要求个人收到犯罪行为的“公平通知”。法院通过各种解释原则和实践（包括模糊无效原则）强制执行这一公平通知要求。然而，尽管模糊性无效原则在刑法解释中占据核心地位，但其理论仍然不足。我们提出了一种新的“模糊性无效”理论，该理论解释了最高法院最近的判决。具体来说，我们提出了一个标量理论，即公平通知是一个程度问题，取决于各种因素。我们探讨了这一理论对多布斯之后反堕胎法规的影响，并解释了为什么许多这些法规没有向普通个人或医疗专业人员提供公平的通知。