The article presents the first systematic comparative study on the growing involvement of international organizations in national constitution making around the world. Over the past three decades, the emerging field of international constitutional advising has undergone an intense process of institutionalization and professionalization, mirroring the increasing role constitution making is playing in both national and international politics. Despite the vast scope of the phenomenon, the involvement of foreign constitutional advisors in domestic constitution-drafting or constitutional reforms has received little scholarly attention. This article takes the first steps towards addressing this lacuna empirically, by introducing a new dataset on 46 international organizations involved in 730 constitutional advising projects in 145 countries between 1989 and 2017. We classified the organizations based on their type, their headquarters’ location, the countries they target, the kind of advising activities they perform and the level of directness of the advising intervention. While generally, we find a significant correlation between more direct constitutional advising activities and larger relative changes in the quality of democracy and larger numbers of constitutional systems in a country, the article suggests avenues for more nuanced research to better understand constitutional advising’s impact.

本文首次对国际组织越来越多地参与世界各地国家宪法制定进行了系统的比较研究。在过去的三十年中，国际宪法咨询这一新兴领域经历了制度化和专业化的激烈进程，反映出宪法制定在国家和国际政治中发挥着日益重要的作用。尽管这种现象范围广泛，但外国宪法顾问参与国内宪法起草或宪法改革却很少受到学术界的关注。本文通过引入一个关于 1989 年至 2017 年间参与 145 个国家 730 个宪法咨询项目的 46 个国际组织的新数据集，为解决这一缺陷迈出了第一步。我们根据组织的类型、总部所在地、他们的目标国家、他们开展的咨询活动的类型以及咨询干预的直接程度。虽然一般来说，我们发现更直接的宪法咨询活动与一个国家的民主质量和大量宪法制度的较大相对变化之间存在显着相关性，但本文提出了进行更细致的研究的途径，以更好地了解宪法咨询的影响。