The ongoing placement of EV charging in the U.S. is the result of a complicated interplay between market actors and the public sector. The federal government has recently established a charging equity goal based on the “Justice 40” framework that will allocate 40% of new infrastructure benefits to traditionally disadvantaged communities. Mirroring this sufficientarian equity perspective, our analysis highlights misallocation within the government’s equity threshold and corridor-based approach. Approximately 60–80% census tracts across the U.S. have no public charging access, but tracts within a charging corridor exhibit notably higher numbers of fast charging —382.56% and 920.85% more, respectively—compared to tracts outside corridors. Socio-economic indicators and government-defined equity thresholds show a partial relationship with charging placement, but the presence of charging corridors have significantly larger influence. This discrepancy suggests that the government’s emphasis on corridor development is misaligned with its stated equity objectives and warrants immediate attention to rectify it.

中文翻译：

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电动汽车充电公平性和可及性：美国综合政策分析

美国持续推行电动汽车充电是市场参与者与公共部门之间复杂相互作用的结果。联邦政府最近根据“Justice 40”框架制定了充电公平目标，将把40%的新建基础设施收益分配给传统弱势社区。反映这种充足主义公平观点，我们的分析强调了政府公平门槛和基于走廊的方法内的错配。美国大约 60-80% 的人口普查区域没有公共充电设施，但充电走廊内的区域的快速充电数量明显高于走廊外的区域，分别高出 382.56% 和 920.85%。社会经济指标和政府规定的公平门槛与充电布局存在部分关系，但充电走廊的存在具有显着更大的影响。这种差异表明政府对走廊开发的重视与其既定的公平目标不一致，需要立即予以纠正。