Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment. However, irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear. The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved, impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes. Additionally, ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified. Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes. Indeed, clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years. Based on the current evidence of studies, this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions. The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods, their effects, limitations, the paradigm shift, current indications, and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed. This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication, thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control, standardizing clinical practice, and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.

化学清洗和消毒是根管治疗中消除感染的关键步骤。然而，灌溉剂的选择或灌溉程序还远未明确。根尖区域的气阻效应尚未解决，这会影响冲洗效果并导致残留感染和治疗效果受损。此外，必须澄清根管治疗药物和非标准化敷料方案的模糊临床适应症。不适当的根管内药物可能会产生副作用并危及治疗结果。事实上，临床医生多年来一直意识到这些问题。基于当前的研究证据，本文回顾了各种冲洗剂和根管内药物的特性，并阐明了它们的有效性和相互作用。还讨论了不同动态冲洗方法的演变、其效果、局限性、范式转变、当前适应症以及有关根管内药物的有效操作程序。该专家共识旨在建立根管冲洗临床操作指南和根管内用药立场声明，从而促进感染控制的深入理解，规范临床实践，最终提高根管治疗的成功率。