Gender non-binary people identify as neither exclusively men nor exclusively women. The current work represents some of the first quantitative investigations into stereotypes and prejudice directed towards gender non-binary people. In Study 1, 238 cisgender women and 156 cisgender men indicated how they thought cisgender men, cisgender women, gender non-binary people, and binary transgender people were perceived by American society on measures of competence, warmth, identity invalidation, and prejudice. In Study 2, 264 cisgender women and 151 cisgender men indicated how they personally perceived cisgender men, cisgender women, gender non-binary people, and binary transgender people on the same stereotyping and prejudice measures. In Study 3, 206 women and 283 men indicated how they personally perceived either men, women, or gender non-binary people on similar measures. Across all three studies and consistent with hypotheses, gender non-binary people were perceived as less competent, as having less valid identities, and as more likely to experience prejudice than men and women (ps < .05). Perceptions of warmth were inconsistent across the three studies. In Studies 1 and 2, gender non-binary people were perceived as more competent but as having less valid identities than binary transgender people. Study 3 did not include the binary transgender comparison but added new measures including one regarding perceptions of mental wellbeing and found gender non-binary people were perceived as having worse mental wellbeing than men and women (ps < .001). Identifying stereotypes surrounding gender non-binary people is an important first step in being able to reduce the bias they face. This work underscores the importance of research on the experiences of gender non-binary people specifically, as opposed to studying their experiences solely within larger umbrella identities such as transgender and gender non-conforming people (TGNC).

非二元性别的人认为既不完全是男性，也不完全是女性。目前的工作代表了对针对非二元性别人群的刻板印象和偏见的一些首次定量调查。在研究 1 中，238 名顺性别女性和 156 名顺性别男性表示，他们认为美国社会在能力、热情、身份失效和偏见等方面如何看待顺性别男性、顺性别女性、非二元性别人士和二元跨性别人士。在研究 2 中，264 名顺性别女性和 151 名顺性别男性表明了他们个人如何看待顺性别男性、顺性别女性、非二元性别人士和二元跨性别人士在相同的刻板印象和偏见指标上的感受。在研究 3 中，206 名女性和 283 名男性表明了他们个人如何看待男性、女性或非二元性别人士，并采用类似的衡量标准。在所有三项研究中，与假设一致的是，与男性和女性相比，非二元性别的人被认为能力较差，有效身份较差，并且更有可能遭受偏见 ( p s < .05)。三项研究对温暖的看法不一致。在研究 1 和研究 2 中，非二元性别人士被认为比二元跨性别人士更有能力，但身份认同较差。研究 3 不包括二元变性人的比较，但增加了新的衡量标准，其中包括关于心理健康认知的衡量标准，并发现非二元性别人士被认为比男性和女性的心理健康状况更差 ( p s < .001)。识别对非二元性别人士的刻板印象是减少他们面临的偏见的重要的第一步。这项工作强调了专门研究非二元性别人群经历的重要性，而不是仅仅在跨性别者和性别不合格者（TGNC）等更大的保护伞身份中研究他们的经历。