Herein, we investigated CeVO₄ nanostructures synthesized using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, focusing on their structural and electrochemical properties for potential supercapacitor applications. Notably, the selected synthesis method yielded a material that displays lattice spacing consistent with the (200) plane of the tetragonal CeVO₄ structure, as confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and corroborated by X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, EDX spectroscopy demonstrated the high purity of the sample, with only Ce, V, and O elements presented, and XPS analysis revealed the chemical composition of the elements and oxidation states on the surface, with Ce³⁺, Ce⁴⁺, and V⁵⁺ identified. Following, cyclic voltammetry tests indicated pseudocapacitive behavior with well-defined redox peaks and good capacitive behavior and stability; then, galvanostatic charge–discharge profiles exhibited high specific capacitances at various current densities. After such analyses, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled using activated carbon as a cathode, and it demonstrated an excellent energy density value of 424.43 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 2783.11 W kg⁻¹ (1 A g⁻¹ in 2.0 M KOH). Thus, the comprehensive structural and electrochemical characterizations provided valuable insights into the material’s potential for energy storage systems.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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微波辅助水热合成 CeVO4 纳米结构：探索其在超级电容器技术中的适用性

在此，我们研究了使用微波辅助水热法合成的CeVO _{4纳米结构，重点关注其潜在超级电容器应用的结构和电化学特性。}值得注意的是，所选择的合成方法产生的材料显示出与四方 CeVO ₄结构的 (200) 平面一致的晶格间距，这一点通过高分辨率透射电子显微镜证实并通过 X 射线衍射分析证实。此外，EDX光谱显示样品纯度高，仅存在Ce、V和O元素，XPS分析揭示了元素的化学成分和表面氧化态，其中Ce ³⁺、Ce ⁴⁺、并鉴定出 V ⁵⁺。随后，循环伏安测试表明赝电容行为具有明确的氧化还原峰以及良好的电容行为和稳定性；然后，恒电流充放电曲线在不同电流密度下表现出高比电容。经过这样的分析，使用活性炭作为阴极组装了非对称超级电容器，并在功率密度为2783.11 W kg ^-1（1 A g ^-1 in 2.0 M KOH）时表现出424.43 Wh kg ^-1的优异能量密度值。 ）。因此，全面的结构和电化学表征为了解该材料在储能系统中的潜力提供了有价值的见解。

图形概要