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Magmatism controls global oceanic transform fault topography
Nature Communications ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46197-9
Xiaochuan Tian 1 , Mark D Behn 1 , Garrett Ito 2 , Jana C Schierjott 2 , Boris J P Kaus 3 , Anton A Popov 3
Affiliation  

Oceanic transform faults play an essential role in plate tectonics. Yet to date, there is no unifying explanation for the global trend in broad-scale transform fault topography, ranging from deep valleys to shallow topographic highs. Using three-dimensional numerical models, we find that spreading-rate dependent magmatism within the transform domain exerts a first-order control on the observed spectrum of transform fault depths. Low-rate magmatism results in deep transform valleys caused by transform-parallel tectonic stretching; intermediate-rate magmatism fully accommodates far-field stretching, but strike-slip motion induces across-transform tension, producing transform strength dependent shallow valleys; high-rate magmatism produces elevated transform zones due to local compression. Our models also address the observation that fracture zones are consistently shallower than their adjacent transform fault zones. These results suggest that plate motion change is not a necessary condition for reproducing oceanic transform topography and that oceanic transform faults are not simple conservative strike-slip plate boundaries.



中文翻译:


岩浆作用控制全球大洋转换断层地形



大洋转换断层在板块构造中发挥着重要作用。然而迄今为止,对于从深谷到浅地形高地的大范围转换断层地形的全球趋势还没有统一的解释。使用三维数值模型,我们发现变换域内与扩散速率相关的岩浆作用对观测到的变换断层深度谱施加一阶控制。低速率岩浆活动导致由平行变换构造拉伸引起的深变换谷;中速岩浆作用完全适应远场拉伸,但走滑运动引起横向变换张力,产生依赖于变换强度的浅谷;高速岩浆作用由于局部压缩而产生升高的转变带。我们的模型还解决了断裂带始终比相邻转换断层带浅的观察结果。这些结果表明,板块运动变化并不是再现大洋变换地形的必要条件,大洋变换断层也不是简单保守的走滑板块边界。

更新日期:2024-03-01
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