Miniaturized and rationally assembled nanostructures exhibit extraordinarily distinct physical properties beyond their individual units. This review will focus on structured small-scale optical cavities, especially on plasmonic nanoparticle lattices that show unique electromagnetic near fields from collective optical coupling. By harnessing different material systems and structural designs, various light-matter interactions can be engineered, such as nanoscale lasing, nonlinear optics, and exciton-polariton coupling. Key device performance of nanoscale lasers will be discussed, including low power threshold, output tunability, and electrical pump. This review will also cover emerging applications of nanoscale optical cavities in quantum engineering. Structured nanoscale cavities can serve as a scalable platform for integrated photonic circuits and hybrid quantum photonic systems.

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来自结构化纳米级空腔的微型化光学器件

微型化且合理组装的纳米结构表现出超越其单个单元的极其独特的物理特性。本综述将重点关注结构化小尺度光学腔，特别是等离子体纳米颗粒晶格，该晶格通过集体光学耦合显示出独特的电磁近场。通过利用不同的材料系统和结构设计，可以设计各种光与物质的相互作用，例如纳米级激光、非线性光学和激子-极化子耦合。将讨论纳米级激光器的关键器件性能，包括低功率阈值、输出可调谐性和电泵浦。本综述还将涵盖纳米级光学腔在量子工程中的新兴应用。结构化纳米级腔可以作为集成光子电路和混合量子光子系统的可扩展平台。