亚历山大群岛狼的本土知识和物种评估：成功、挑战和经验教训,Journal of Wildlife Management

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亚历山大群岛狼的本土知识和物种评估：成功、挑战和经验教训
Journal of Wildlife Management ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 , DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22563
Jeffrey J. Brooks ₁ , Sarah I. Markegard ₂ , Stephen J. Langdon ₃ , Devlin Shaag̱aw Éesh Anderstrom ₄ , Michael Gitwaayne Douville ₅ , Thomas A. George ₆ , Michael Kauish Jackson ₇ , Scott Gus'tú Jackson ₈ , Thomas Ḵaachkutí Mills ₉ , Judith Dax̠ootsú Ramos ₁₀ , Jon Yaanasgít Rowan ₁₁ , Tony Sanderson ₁₂ , Chuck Smythe ₁₃

Affiliation

Environmental Sciences Management Section, Office of Environment Bureau of Ocean Energy Management 3801 Centerpoint Drive, Suite 500 Anchorage AK 99503 USA
Ecological Services Program, Southern Alaska Fish and Wildlife Field Office United States Fish and Wildlife Service 4700 BLM Road Anchorage AK 99507 USA
Department of Anthropology and Geography University of Alaska Anchorage 3211 Providence Drive, Room 231 Anchorage AK 99508 USA
K̠waashk'i K̠wáan P.O. Box 454 Yakutat AK 99689 USA
Craig Tribal Association, Deisheetaan Clan P.O. Box 68 Craig AK 99921 USA
L'eeneidi Clan P.O. Box 1 Klawock AK 99925 USA
Ḵaach.ádi Clan P.O. Box 163 Kake AK 99830 USA
Was'eeneidí Clan P.O. Box 595 Kake AK 99830 USA
T'aḵdeintaan Clan P.O. Box EXI Juneau AK 99850 USA
Department of Arts and Sciences and K̠waashk'i K̠wáan University of Alaska Southeast 317 Sixth Street Juneau AK 99801 USA
Klawock School District, Retired, Shangukeidí Clan P.O. Box 51 Klawock AK 99925 USA
Hydaburg Cooperative Association, Haida Sgajuuga.ahl Clan P.O. Box 78 Hydaburg AK 99922 USA
Sealaska Heritage Institute 105 South Seward Street, Suite 201 Juneau AK 99801 USA

美国阿拉斯加的美国鱼类和野生动物管理局针对将亚历山大群岛狼列入名单的请愿书进行了物种状况评估（犬狼疮）根据《2020-2022 年濒危物种法》。如果没有与该亚种有着深厚文化联系的原住民的知识，这项联邦承诺就无法充分准备。我们的目标是通过展示参与该项目的原住民的知识如何对物种状况评估做出贡献，来传达他们的权威专业知识和声音。评估中应用的土著知识是分享者的文化和知识产权。我们采用快速评估研究，迅速对土著人民对亚历山大群岛狼的文化和生态知识有了初步和定性的了解。我们使用扎根理论中的半定向访谈和归纳编码进行文本分析。土著知识有助于该机构了解阿拉斯加东南部的亚历山大群岛狼，并帮助该机构做出分类决定。土著研究伙伴解释了狼在特林吉特社会中的丰富文化意义和地位，并描述了人与狼的关系和生态相互作用。该机构采用了基于物种生态学和保护生物学的单物种评估方法，而本土狼专家则采用了基于平衡和尊重的社会文化背景的多物种、群落生态学方法。土著狼专家成功解决了该机构发现的知识差距。合作伙伴面临的挑战是监管时间较短，无法对土著知识进行全面研究，而且土著专家的审查和反馈也受到限制。美国鱼类和野生动物管理局了解到，其评估框架并非旨在考虑土著世界观。为了创造公平的竞争环境，该机构和原住民专家应讨论如何共同制定一个公平应用这两种观点的评估框架。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Indigenous knowledge and species assessment for the Alexander Archipelago wolf: successes, challenges, and lessons learned

The United States Fish and Wildlife Service in Alaska, USA, conducted a species status assessment for a petition to list the Alexander Archipelago wolf (Canis lupus ligoni) under the Endangered Species Act in 2020‐2022. This federal undertaking could not be adequately prepared without including the knowledge of Indigenous People who have a deep cultural connection with the subspecies. Our objective is to communicate the authoritative expertise and voice of the Indigenous People who partnered on the project by demonstrating how their knowledge contributed to the species status assessment. The Indigenous knowledge applied in the assessment is the cultural and intellectual property of those who have shared it. We employed rapid appraisal research to expeditiously develop a preliminary and qualitative understanding of Indigenous People's cultural and ecological knowledge of Alexander Archipelago wolves. We used semi‐directed interviewing and inductive coding from grounded theory for text analysis. Indigenous knowledge contributed to the agency's understanding of the Alexander Archipelago wolf in Southeast Alaska and helped the agency with their classification decision. Indigenous research partners explained the rich cultural significance and position of wolves in Tlingit society and described human–wolf relationships and ecological interactions. The agency used a single‐species assessment approach based in species ecology and conservation biology, whereas the Indigenous wolf experts applied a multi‐species, community ecology approach based in a sociocultural context of balance and respect. The Indigenous wolf experts successfully addressed knowledge gaps identified by the agency. The partners were challenged by a short regulatory timeframe that did not allow for comprehensive study of Indigenous knowledge and constrained review and feedback by Indigenous experts. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service learned that its assessment framework was not designed to account for an Indigenous worldview. To level the playing field, the agency and Indigenous experts should discuss how to co‐develop an assessment framework that equitably applies both perspectives.

更新日期：2024-02-26

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